| Nardostachys chinensis Batal is a perennial evergreen plant,which belongs to the genus of Nardostachys(Valerianaceae).Its dried roots and rhizomes are used as traditional Chinese medicine,recorded firstly in<Ben Cao Shi Yi>with the effect of regulating Qi,invigorating spleen,and resolving depression.Phytochemical studies on Nardostachys led to the isolation of a series of sesquiterpenoids,including aristolane,nardosinane and guaiane type compounds.Modern pharmacological investigation demonstrated that its extract possessed various bioactivities,such as sedative,anti-depressant,anti-parkinson’s disease,cardiomyocytes protection,anti-arrhythmic,anti-inflammatory,and anti-tumor activities.In our investigation on the chemical constituents of carbon dioxide super critical fluid extract(SFE,95%EtOH as the modifier)of roots and rhizomes of N.chinensis,a total of 38 compounds were isolated from the subfraction through various chromatographic techniques.By comprehensive analysis of spectroscopic data(IR,UV,MS,NMR,CD),as well as the physicochemical property and X-ray single crystal diffraction,their structures were identified as nardosinanones J-L(1-3)*,nardosinanones N(4)*,nardonoxide(5),nardosinanone M(6)*,nardosinanone G(7),nardosinanone F(8),nardosinone(9),nardosinonediol(10),nardosinanone I(11),kanshone M(12)*,kanshone N(13)*,kanshone O(14),kanshone A(15),desoxonarchinol A(16),nardosinanone N(17)*,narchinol B(18),narchinol A(19),1(10)-aristoien-9β-ol(20),kanshone P(21)*,1(10)-aristolone-2-one(22),1,8,9,10-tetradehydroaristolan-2-one(23),kanshone L(24),(-)-aristolone(25),kanshone H(26),axinysone B(27),nardoaristolone B(28),nardoaristolone C(29)*,dinardokanshone C(30)*,dinardokanshone D(31)*,nardoeudesmol D(32)*,loliolida(33),nardostachin(34),(+)-orobanchyl acetate(35),2,6-dimethoxy-4,4,7-trime thylnaphthalen-1(4H)-one(36),(E)-artemidin(37)and trans-ferulic acid(38).Among them,twelve compounds were new compounds,including two sesquiterpene dimers(30-31),eight new nardosinane-type compounds(1-4,6,12-13,17),an new aristolane-type compound(21),a new selinane-type compound(32),and a new natural product(29).Some of isolated compounds were evaluated for their cardioprotective and anti-inflammatory effects in vitro.Compounds 1,2,6,10,13,16,17,23,25,29 showed protective effects on oxidative damaged cardiomyocytes,which induced by H2O2.Compound 30 showed protective effect against hypoxia/reoxygenation induced cell death.Compounds 16,17 and 30 could inhibit lipopolysaccharide induced iNOS and COX-2 protein expression,compared to single lipopolysaccharide stimulation in RAW264.7 cells.This work not only laid a chemical foundation for revealing the bioactive ingredients of the active parts of Nardostachys chinensis Batal,but also provided scientific basis for its further rational utilization. |
