Cellulose-polymer Triboelectric Interface-enabled Breeze Energy Harvesting Method

Smart agriculture utilizes sensors and other electronic devices arranged in the production area to form a distributed sensor network,enabling dynamic,real-time,and accurate acquisition of animal and plant physiological information and growth environment parameters.This is an intelligent,digital and accurate new agricultural production model.However,these sensors rely on an external power source to work properly.Renewable energy sources are ideal for providing energy for agricultural sensors from the viewpoints of environmental friendliness,economy,and long-term reliability.As one of the most widely distributed renewable energy sources in nature,wind energy has been exploited on a large scale.However,current mainstream wind turbines based on the electromagnetic induction principle are more suitable for high wind speed conditions but not for obtaining near-ground breeze energy in agricultural production areas.Additionally,high construction costs and topographical requirements limit the widespread application of conventional wind turbines in sensing node energy supply.To address these challenges,this work explores the charge generation and transfer mechanism of the cellulose-polymer triboelectric interface in-depth and establishes a method for acquiring breeze energy based on the plant fibre-polymer triboelectric interface.On this basis,a natural plant fiber-based triboelectric nanogenerator(PF-TENG)is constructed,and a self-powered sensing method for agricultural environmental information is proposed by combining energy management and sensing functional circuits.This work has significant potential for achieving a reliable,cost-effective,and environmentally-friendly power supply,especially for applications in environmental monitoring and smart agriculture.The main research contents and findings of this paper are as follows:(1)Study on the charge generation mechanism of cellulose-polymer triboelectric interface and its application in breeze energy harvestingAiming at the problem that traditional electromagnetic generators are difficult to harvest breeze energy in the agricultural environment,a breeze energy harvesting method based on the cellulose-polymer triboelectric interface was established.Taking the triboelectric interface of hydroxyethyl cellulose-polydimethylsiloxane(HEC-PDMS)as an example,the charge transfer mechanism of the cellulose-polymer triboelectric interface was clarified.The influencing factors of the electrical output performance of the cellulose-polymer triboelectric interface were investigated,and a breeze-driven TENG based on the cellulose-polymer triboelectric interface was constructed,which laid the foundation for the establishment of an efficient wind energy harvesting method in the later stage.The experimental results show that the starting wind speed of the TENG based on the cellulose-polymer triboelectric interface is 0.5 m/s,and the average output power density can reach 0.16 W/m~2.(2)Study on the electrical output performance enhancement mechanism of breeze-driven TENGAiming at the low energy conversion efficiency of the cellulose-polymer triboelectric interface,a breeze energy harvesting method based on the nitrocellulose-polymer triboelectric interface was proposed.The charge transfer mechanism and influencing factors of the nitrocellulose-polymer triboelectric interface were studied.Based on this,a breeze energy triboelectric nanogenerator(NC-TENG)based on the nitrocellulose-polymer triboelectric interface was constructed,its feasibility for breeze energy harvesting was studied,and its output performance was evaluated.The experimental results show that the output power density of NC-TENG can reach 0.85 W/m~2,which is about 5 times higher than that of HEC-TENG in the previous chapter.NC-TENG can effectively improve the efficiency of breeze energy harvesting,laying a theoretical foundation for the subsequent development of high-performance breeze energy harvesting devices.(3)Study on the stability and durability enhancement mechanism of breeze-driven TENGAiming at the problem that the triboelectric layer of breeze-driven TENG is easy to wear and the device has poor stability and durability,a breeze energy harvesting method based on the natural plant fiber-polymer triboelectric interface was proposed.A PF-TENG based on the natural plant fiber-polymer triboelectric interface was constructed,and the effects of the air gap,plant fiber group content,and interface micro-nano structure on the output performance of PF-TENG were studied.The experimental results show that the plant fibres can maintain close contact and low friction with the friction layer surface during long-term operation,enabling the PF-TENG to maintain high electrical output(maximum output power density up to 1.24 W/m~2)while reducing material wear.Therefore,the breeze energy-driven TENG based on the natural plant fibre-polymer triboelrctric interface has good stability and durability.(4)Study on the self-powered sensing method for agricultural information based on breeze energy-driven TENGThe energy management module for PF-TENG was constructed,and by integrating the PF-TENG energy supply module,energy management module,and sensing circuit,a self-powered sensing method for agricultural environmental information is established.The feasibility of using this method to realize the self-powered perception of agricultural information such as environmental temperature,humidity,soil fertility,and the sunlight is verified.The self-powered sensing method constructed in this paper provides a method basis for the non-sourced power supply monitoring of agricultural environmental information and also provides a new idea for the construction of distributed energy supply and self-powered agricultural sensor networks.