On The Organic Order Design Methods Of Urban Parks From Perspective Of Time Stratification

In order to build a better public space,in recent years,design communities have switched their focuses from previous perspective of "top to bottom" macro theory to "bottom to up" empirical research,which tends to pay more attention to studies upon humanism such as humanization,emotion as well as generality and are committed to ease the various contradictions formed between user behaviors and spatial environment.Even so,due to different uncertain factors including diversity of public space users,complexity of spatial environment and heterogeneity of time change,the confusion of "dehumanization" design in the public space still exists,and discrepancies between "designer cognition" and "user cognition" are ubiquitous in urban parks.Based on literature research,it is found that,since 2000,the design methods of public space in China have mainly concentrate on the exploration of "how to achieve the humanized design" in terms of environment,behavior,psychology,esthetics,while overlooking the importance of the "time" dimension.Under the guidance of "organic order" concept,this study analyzes the inseparable relationship among human,time and space,and meanwhile puts forward the method of introducing the "time" dimension of organic order into the design of public space.Besides,on basis of all various kinds of behavior phenomena in the urban park space,the paper also sums up and draws the new conclusion that the time of space behaviors in urban parks have the characteristic of stratification.The process of empirical research was the core basis of theory in full text.First step was to explore the relation between space behavior and time by means of questionnaire and pedestrian flow statistics,so as to solve the problem of "how to stratify the time".Next,the paper made classifications to the people groups in the park through statistics of the organic forms of space behaviors.Then,based on the time stratification segments research and people group classification result,this paper improved the "behavior notation" developed from "behavior mapping" method created by William H.Ittelson and obtained "time-phased behavior notation".Last,taking Shanghai as research scope,this paper applied the time-phased behavior notation to a large number of empirical researches in different seasons,different periods and different parks.After comparative analysis for results,the time stratification segments structure of organic order in the public space was refined;the paper summarized and concluded the macro,medium and micro organic order patterns of urban parks based on time stratification segments structure and explored how to apply the research conclusion into design practice.From the unique perspective of "time stratification segments ",this study explores the extendibility of public space design method in terms of "time" dimension,applies the innovative "time-phased behavior mapping" combined with empirical researches,and finally puts forward the new viewpoint of urban park macro,medium and micro organic order patterns based on time stratification segments structure,which has opened up the new thoughts in the public space design field.