Research On The Construction Mechanism And Measurement Of Urban Morphology Complexity Based On Building Volume

Complexity science is another scientific revolution in the history of science after relativity and quantum mechanics.Hawking called it "the 21 st century will be the century of complexity science".Complexity science has broken the traditional research paradigm with linear,balanced and simple reduction as the main means.Its methodological principle should be to treat complexity as complexity.This is a major breakthrough and innovation for the methodology of scientific research.In recent years,the research of landscape architecture on complexity has also gradually attracted the attention of the academic community.However,because the discipline focuses on the complexity of non urban physical space such as green space,parks,and ecological environment,it ignores the complexity of urban spatial form elements such as urban empty form landscape and architectural form landscape.In this regard,this paper attempts to focus on the complexity of urban empty form landscape,that is,the order characteristics of the tangible physical space landscape elements in urban space in the relative position relationship,form layout structure and other three-dimensional geometric forms.The complexity of urban morphology is the product of the interaction of social,spatial,economic,historical and other factors,which reflects the development stage,development level,social spatial functions and economic and cultural characteristics of the city.In other words,cities in different development stages and with different regional characteristics have created different urban morphological complexity and internal complexity distribution differences.Studying the measurement method and construction mechanism of urban morphology complexity is of great significance for improving the theory of urban landscape complexity,excavating the formation mechanism of urban morphology,exploring the internal relationship between urban morphology and non-material factors such as economic,social and cultural factors,and quantitatively optimizing urban morphology structure and spatial layout.Based on this,this paper takes the research on the complexity of urban morphology composed of architectural landscape volume as the starting point,excavates the composition and interaction laws of urban morphology complexity based on layer by layer analysis and progressive analysis,and constructs the measurement model of urban morphology complexity through the abstraction,dimension reduction and normalization of urban morphology,and then takes the main urban area of Nanjing as an example to further explore the characteristics and laws of urban morphology complexity And the internal correlation mechanism with spatial elements,and based on this,the prototype model of urban morphology complexity is proposed.First of all,this paper summarizes the theoretical connotation,research context and research significance for landscape architecture of urban morphology complexity,and discusses the feasibility of urban form complexity measurement.The existing technology is gradually upgraded from philosophy to theory and from qualitative to quantitative,but it is concentrated in regional geography and urban macro scale and mainly based on non-linear cognitive methods,which leads to the characteristics of emphasizing macro and neglecting micro,easy to simulate and difficult to explain.At the same time,it explains the research context and method difference of subjective cognition and objective measurement of urban morphology complexity,and demonstrates the feasibility of urban morphology complexity measurement from three aspects:quantifiable characteristics,unified dimensions and interpretable composition.Furthermore,the composition and internal mechanism of urban morphology complexity are revealed,and the measurement model of urban morphology complexity is constructed.Through induction,deduction and reasoning,the constituent elements of urban morphology complexity are divided into architectural form characteristics,architectural spacing characteristics,architectural orientation characteristics,and high and low fluctuation characteristics.The interaction relationship between the constituent elements of urban morphology complexity is revealed by layer by layer logical deduction.Then,the dimension reduction and normalization of the complexity characteristics of urban morphology are realized by abstracting the fourth-order matrix of network and building space relations,and the complexity measurement model of urban morphology is constructed based on the matrix difference algorithm.This method uses linear thinking to explain the constituent dimensions of urban morphology complexity and carry out quantitative measurement.While ensuring that the measurement of urban morphology complexity conforms to its non-linear characteristics(subsystem interaction and interconnection),it also ensures that the research method and measurement process can be explained.Finally,take the main urban area of Nanjing as an example to measure the complexity of urban morphology,find the internal correlation mechanism between urban morphology and spatial texture,road blocks and land use functions,and propose a prototype model of urban morphology complexity.This paper summarizes the six complex characteristics of urban morphology in the main urban area of Nanjing,and finds the possible relationship between urban spatial characteristics such as spatial texture,road blocks and land use functions and the complexity of urban morphology.It also conducts quantitative demonstration from the aspects of spatial coupling,correlation analysis and composition mode,and summarizes the internal correlation mechanism between them.On this basis,the urban morphology complexity prototype is summarized into five core elements,three influence levels and binary opposition element systems.The research finds that the urban morphology complexity prototype corresponding to the three different urban morphology complexity strengths of high,medium and low respectively presents the overall morphological characteristics of "mixing","homogenizing" and "dispersing",and derives the dense staggered mixed type,fractal iterative mixed type The park collage homogeneous type,suburban residential discrete type and other prototype subtype modes are the deformation and combination based on the completion mode.While retaining the core characteristics of the completion mode,they are different from each other,showing different morphological combination characteristicsThe high complexity of various elements of landscape architecture originates from the huge system that contains numerous and complicated elements and is always in the process of open change and dynamic development.The complexity research is also a process of multi-scale,multi perspective,and multi factor interweaving,coupling and iteration.The research on the complexity of urban form at the non ecological level can further improve the cognitive perspective and research breadth of complexity in landscape architecture.This research focuses on the block scale,and puts forward the measurement method and construction mechanism of urban morphology complexity composed of building volume.It aims to break through the traditional "non-linear theory" complexity research method,and ensure that the research and measurement of urban morphology complexity conform to its non-linear characteristics and the interpretability of the research and measurement results.At the same time,it is necessary to explore the mechanism of urban spatial elements on the change of urban morphology in smallscale space,clarify the strong and weak change rules,evolution logic and mode composition of urban morphology complexity,and provide theoretical basis and method support for the highquality and refined development of urban space.