Research On Data Transmission And Privacy Protection Protocol For Internet Of Vehicles(IoV)

Based on vehicle mobile terminals and roadside units(RSU),the Internet of Vehicles(Io V)enables data interaction and sharing among multiple traffic elements such as people,vehicles,roads and clouds with the help of wireless sensing devices.It is an effective solution to reduce traffic accidents,enhance traffic safety and improve traffic congestion and environmental pollution.However,with the advancement of the Io V,the amount of data generated by vehicles is growing explosively and therefore the demand for data transmission is increasing.On the one hand,the research of data transmission in the Io V scenario faces many challenges,such as bandwidth consumption,transmission delay,high computation and communication overhead;On the other hand,the conflict between secure sharing of massive data and user privacy protection is increasing based on the current situation that data is transmitted over open channels and people’s awareness of privacy protection is increasing.Therefore,this thesis focuses on the issues of identity privacy protection,“data available but not visible”,and low latency and high reliability data transmission,combining the openness of communication,high dynamics,and limited device resources of Io V to conduct in-depth research on the data security transmission and privacy protection protocols for Io V.The main research contents and contributions of this thesis are as follows.1)For the problems of identity privacy leakage,inefficient communication,and excessive vehicle storage burden in existing pseudonymous on-demand distribution protocols,this thesis proposes a vehicle pseudonymous on-demand distribution protocol with privacy protection.The protocol relies on RSUs distribute pseudonyms and corresponding private keys for vehicles,which improves the pseudonym update efficiency of vehicles and reduces the storage burden of vehicles.Besides,the protocol investigates the anonymous mutual authentication mechanism between vehicles and roadside units(V2R),which provides technical support for secure communication between two mutually untrusted entities.Furthermore,the protocol is suitable for highly dynamic and resource-constrained vehicular network scenarios because it does not involve time-consuming and complex cryptographic operations.The security proof,security analysis and performance analysis show that the design protocol not only meets the security requirements of the Io V,but also significantly lowers the computation and communication costs.2)For the privacy leakage and data reliability issues in feedback collection,this thesis proposes a privacy-preserving protocol for vehicle feedback in cloud-assisted vehicular networks.The PKI-based digital signature mechanism can ensure authenticity and integrity,but it is incapable of dealing with the situation where legitimate vehicles send useless messages.Introducing a reputation mechanism can solve above problems.The reputation assessment of vehicles mainly relies on feedback transmitted in open channels by other vehicles;therefore,ensuring the confidentiality and privacy of the feedback data can motivate users to honestly participate in the reputation assessment work.Inspired by this,the protocol implements the processing of feedback data in the ciphertext state with the help of homomorphic encryption,while achieving the privacy,authentication and integrity of the message using pseudonym and signature mechanisms.Considering that semi-trusted cloud service providers(CSPs)are usually curious about the feedback data of individual vehicles,the CSPs in this protocol only provide vehicle reputation calculation services without knowing the specific feedback content of the vehicle,which enhances the privacy protection of the vehicle feedback.Besides,based on the reputation assessment mechanism,vehicles with low reputation are prevented from continuing to participate in vehicular networks’ communication,which reduces useless and unreliable messages in the system and further enhances the security of the cloud-assisted vehicular networks.Provable security theory and experimental simulation results show that the protocol meets the security requirements of the vehicular networks,and outperforms existing protocols in terms of computational and communication efficiency.3)For the issues of high real-time services for road condition messages,semi-trusted fog nodes,and security and reliability during message transmission,this thesis proposes a reliable and privacy-preserving road condition message transmission protocol in fog-assisted Io V.Fog computing technology can provide high real-time services for vehicles by sinking system resources to the network edge.However,the openness of communication channels,malicious nodes within the system,and failures of in-vehicle devices responsible for collecting road conditions can lead to problems such as privacy leakage and significant deviations between reported messages and actual situations.Inspired by this,this thesis designs a vehicle-to-fog node(V2F)anonymous authentication algorithm for negotiating session keys,which does not require online participation of a trusted authority,thereby improving authentication efficiency.Notably,pseudonyms and full private keys are produces by the vehicle itself rather than being pre-stored in the vehicle,which greatly reduces the vehicle’s memory burden.Furthermore,to ensure the reliability and confidentiality of road condition messages,the fog node only accepts road condition messages encrypted with session keys from more than different vehicles,where the threshold is based on a real dataset and determined by experiments on the designed simulation platform.Theoretical analysis and simulation experiments demonstrate that the proposed protocol maintains good security and meets the performance requirements of the vehicular network for delay and communication burden.4)For the problems of platoon head(PH)vehicle trust,data reliability,data privacypreserving and data security in platoon reputation management scenarios,this thesis proposes a privacy-preserving and reliable trust-aware vehicle platoon reputation management protocol.A platoon is a group of multiple vehicles that travel in an ordered queue with a certain longitudinal spacing,while the platoon leader(also known as the navigator)communicates with external entities such as fog nodes.The fog node only needs to communicate with the platoon leader,avoiding the cost and delay of communicating with multiple vehicles individually,thereby improving data transmission and processing efficiency.The platoon leader’s reputation plays an important role in ensuring the safety of the entire platoon.Thus,this protocol fully considers the quality(reliability)of member vehicle feedback and uses a truth discovery algorithm to construct a platoon leader reputation evaluation mechanism while ensuring the privacy of member vehicle feedback,weight information,and identity.Moreover,the vehicles uses homomorphic encryption,pseudonym and signature technology to encrypt and transmit feedback.The FN and CSP update the weight and truth value iteratively without knowing the real identity and specific feedback of vehicles,and get the PH vehicle’s reputation evaluation result.Meanwhile,the iterative updating process of weights and truth values without the real-time participation of member vehicles,which greatly reduces the computation and communication overhead on the vehicle side.Theoretical analysis and simulation experimental results prove that the protocol fulfills security requirements of Io V and is suitable for actual scenarios in the Io V with high-speed dynamics and resource-limited.