Research On Lane-Level Guidance And Control Technology For Multi-Lane Highway Under The Game Between Safety And Efficiency

With the high-quality development of the economy and society,various production factors are circulating rapidly,and the demand for transportation is increasing day by day.The rapid growth of traffic volume on road sections has driven the expansion of many early built twoway four lanes highway into multi-lane highway,mainly are two-way six lanes,eight lanes,and ten lanes.The operational efficiency of vehicles and the capacity of road sections in multi-lane highway has significantly increased,as well as the freedom of vehicle operating has significantly increased.However,the probability and frequency of traffic accidents have also increased accordingly,and the traffic safety situation cannot be underestimated.Therefore,under the current situation,it is an urgent necessary to analyze the characteristics of drivers,vehicles,and roads on multi-lane highway systematically,and seek a comprehensive traffic operation and control strategy that considers reducing traffic accidents while improving road traffic efficiency based on the lane-level guidance and control.The paper mainly includes analysis of factors affecting the safety and efficiency of multilane expressway operation,measurement of traffic operation efficiency and safety indicators of multi-lane expressway,and functional division of lanes considering safety and efficiency,research on lane-level speed limits of multi-lane highway based on the game of safety and efficiency,and guidance strategy for lane-changing behavior of multi-lane highway based on the game of safety and efficiency.The specific content is as follows:(1)Take multi-lane highway as the research object,we will mind the key factors that affect operational safety and efficiency.Take the Xi’an Yongshou section of Fuyin Expressway,the Xi’an Baoji and Xi’an Tongguan sections of Lianhuo Expressway,and the Shenzhen Shuijing Guanjingtou Expressway as typical representatives of bidirectional six lanes,eight lanes,and ten lanes highway.Video data was collected from 26 points at different periods,and characteristics such as lane traffic volume,headway,speed,and lane changing frequency were analyzed.The number of lanes,lane function division,and lane changing frequency were analyzed.The impact of factors such as operating speed and lane changing behavior on the efficiency and safety of traffic operation on multi-lane highway.(2)Based on the number of lanes and characteristics of frequent free lane-changing,macro and micro indicators and measures that can characterize the operational efficiency of multi-lane highway are proposed.Based on the data of lane-changing on multi-lane highway,the free lanechanging characteristics of vehicles on main sections were studied.A macro traffic flow model for multi-lane expressway was constructed with the goal of balancing lane density and speed,considering the effects of lane number,frequency of free lane-changing,and division of lane function.The model was compared with traditional traffic flow models and measured traffic flow data to verify its effectiveness.Then,macro and micro traffic operation efficiency indicators for multi-lane highway that consider system traffic efficiency and individual lanechange benefits are proposed.(3)Starting from the characteristics of multiple lane-changes,macro and micro indicators and measures that can characterize the operational safety of multi-lane highway are proposed.Analyze the trajectory data of free lane-changing on main sections and forced lane-changing at entrances and exits of multi-lane highway,identify and analyze vehicle behaviors such as onetime lane-changing and multi-time lane changing,extract multi-time lane changing indicators such as speed,time,and space,and propose macro-operational safety indicators based on Lyapunov stability index from a systematic and individual perspective.Take speed difference and lane changing behavior disturbance as macroscopic operational safety indicators,in addition,take the MTC considering lane changing waiting time as the microscopic lane changing safety indicators.(4)Considering the balance of safety and efficiency,the paper proposes lane function division and vehicle operation rules for multi-lane highway in different traffic flow environments.Based on the trajectory data of large and small vehicles,the impact of large vehicles on traffic flow,vehicle lateral movement trajectory,traffic safety,and traffic sign obstruction was studied.From the perspectives of passenger and freight separation,separation of large and small vehicles,HOV lane setting,and left and right overtaking,while considering macro safety and efficiency balance,the optimal functional division rules and vehicle operation rules for multi-lane highway under different traffic volumes and vehicle proportions are proposed.(5)Based on the game of safety and efficiency,the maximum speed limits for different vehicle types and lanes on multi-lane highways are proposed.Using non cooperative game theory and fuzzy mathematics theory,with the goal of improving section operation efficiency and traffic flow stability,considering the size of traffic volume and vehicle composition,the maximum speed limits for multi-lane highways under the gaming of safety and efficiency are obtained.The calculation method for lane-level speed limits is finally given based on the balance of lane density.(6)Based on the game of safety and efficiency,this paper proposes the design of mandatory lane changing behavior guidance markings and dynamic lane-changing behavior guidance strategy for multi-lane highway.Based on the acceptable gap theory,game theory,and kinematics,and based on the micro operational safety and efficiency indicators,a game model of vehicle lane-changing safety and efficiency is established to calculate the free lane-changing and forced lane-changing lengths of multi-lane expressway,and a design method of blue,yellow,orange and red colored induced markings at the exit of multi-lane highways is proposed;based on the lane operation speed correlation matrix,the lane level dynamic lane change behavior inducing technology considering lane density and speed balance is adopted with XGBoost deep learning method,and the inducing effect is well verified by simulation.The purpose of this paper is to reveal the key factors and characterization indicators that affect the safety and efficiency of traffic operation through the statistical analysis of video data on multi-lane highway and traffic flow modeling.From the perspectives of lane function division,speed limit,and lane-changing behavior guidance,a lane-level guidance strategy is proposed to ensure the safe and efficient operation of multi-lane highway.