Design Approach For Adaptive Facade Of Tropical Urban Residential Building

As a global common problem,half of the world’s population will live in tropical urban areas by 2050,and tropical cities are facing severe challenges in many aspects such as the human settlement environment and resource supply.At the same time,global climate change has exacerbated the systemic risks of tropical cities and their vulnerability to disasters.As the largest building type,the environmental performance and energy consumption performance of urban residential buildings are closely related to the achievement of sustainable city goals.A small step in the expansion of urban residential buildings in the design of "additive-incremental thinking" is a big step in realizing the national strategy of energy conservation and emission reduction and achieving the goal of " Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality".The tropical urban residential buildings meet the climate and environmental requirements for the performance of the adaptive facade.At the same time,the adaptive facade transforms the unfavorable factors of the tropical residential building facade into favorable conditions and provides a feasible solution for alleviating the tropical urban environment and resource crisis.Discussing the adaptive facade design method of tropical urban residential buildings under the background of " Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality" is an important measure to build a high-quality urban human settlement environment,realize the energy transition of sustainable buildings,promote the innovative development of the building sector,and achieve the " Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality" goal as soon as possible.Aiming at residential buildings in tropical cities in China and surrounding areas(the current research stage is mainly for high-rise residential buildings),this dissertation interprets the three general characteristics of the adaptive facade into three specific characteristics and combines the current design techniques to select three components.Based on the suitability of regional applications,the necessity and feasibility of the application of all three components in hot summer and warm winter regions(building climate zoning)and tropical regions(K?ppen climate classification)are pointed out.Then select typical research cities from the climate,background,practice,and research levels to construct a multi-element collaborative design coupling mechanism for the adaptive facade of urban residential buildings.With the help of performance simulation tools,measured data verification,and predictive analysis technology,a comprehensive index calculation model of adaptive facade integrating dynamic photovoltaic shading and building facade planting is established,and a multi-objective design and selection method for adaptive facade combining environmental performance analysis and resource output prediction is proposed.An integrated design platform for the adaptive facade of urban residential buildings,suitable for hot summer and warm winter areas and tropical areas has been built.Based on the existing research and practice at home and abroad,the dissertation explains the overall characteristics and development context of contemporary adaptive facade,and discusses the suitability of different geographical applications,through the selection of typical research cities,the current urban residential building environment characteristics and related strategies are analyzed,The feasibility of the neural network prediction method is demonstrated,three specific characteristics of the adaptive facade of urban residential buildings are clarified: dynamic control,resource output,and user intervention,two constituent systems are screened out: dynamic photovoltaic shading system and building facade planting system,Feasibility analysis,influencing factors and technical strategy discussion were carried out around the constituent system,evaluation index system and technology integration were constructed,and the multielement collaborative design process of urban residential building adaptive facade was established.(Chapter 2,Chapter 3)Furthermore,for 3 typical residential modules and 3 typical architectural planning layouts,the quantitative analysis of the light,wind and thermal environment performance of 24 residential cases and the solar energy potential analysis of the building facade were completed.Summarized the environmental quality status of residential cases and the distribution characteristics of solar energy resources.Based on the overall design strategy,according to the user behavior patterns,prototype designs were carried out on the dynamic photovoltaic shading system and the building facade planting system,and a design prototype library containing 142 samples was constructed.A correlation model between environmental factors and output factors based on neural network algorithms is built.Then,based on the correlation model and actual measurement data verification,a calculation model of the adaptive facade included design elements and evaluation indicators was built,which was used for the calculation of various evaluation indicators(Chapter 4,Chapter 5).Based on the two-step selection process of dynamic angle selection and design prototype selection,a multi-objective design selection method for adaptive facade design prototypes is built;a total of 24 residential cases for 3 typical residential modules and 3 typical architectural planning layouts were found the best design prototype.The first step is the dynamic angle selection.The best angle of each design prototype at each simulation time is obtained,and the 3 evaluation index results for each design prototype are obtained based on the best angle of each simulation time.Then,the second step is the design prototype selection.According to the evaluation index results,the best design prototype of the adaptive facade for each residential case was screened out(Chapter 6).Finally,through the design platform architecture and functional module settings,a based an integrated design platform,with real-time interactive attributes,based on Rhinoceros + Grasshopper tool for the adaptive facade of urban residential buildings was built.Selecting typical urban residential buildings as the carrier,the basic conditions of the design platform and the construction of the design prototype were carried out for 24 kinds of facade locations.Through multiple rounds of calculations on the platform,the corresponding environmental performance index data and the corresponding optimal design prototype of the adaptive facade are obtained.The results show that the adaptive facade meets the annual electricity demand of 5.9%(Singapore)and 4.3%(Haikou)and the vegetable demand of 18.5 %(Singapore)and 15.9%(Haikou)of each household.Through the comparison of index data before and after the application of the adaptive facade,the environmental and resource output benefits of the adaptive facade are shown.The final rendering of the integration of the adaptive facade with urban residential buildings is demonstrated.(Chapter 7)This dissertation reveals the multi-element collaborative design association mechanism of the adaptive facade design in tropical urban residential buildings and constructs a multi-objective selection method.Quantitative analysis shows the application value of the adaptive facade’s performance potential and to reduce the cost of living of residents.The established integrated design platform realizes the real-time presentation of the best design prototype parameters,environmental performance indicators and quantitative data of resource output.The design methods and decision support tools have strong guiding significance for the adaptive skin design of residential buildings in tropical cities.