Research On The Models Of Wind And Photovoltaic Power Generation Companies Participating In Multi-Market Coupled Transaction

In recent years,with the support of the "dual carbon" goals and supporting policies,China’s wind power and photovoltaic new energy power have developed rapidly.However,wind power and photovoltaic have intermittency and volatility,and the largescale development of wind power and photovoltaic has brought serious challenges to grid connection and consumption.Policies and market mechanisms are important ways to promote large-scale new energy consumption.Currently,China is gradually deepening the construction of the electricity market and actively promoting the new quota system and supporting green certificate market,carbon emission trading,and carbon market construction.Under the new situation,there is a complex symbiotic and mutually reinforcing relationship between the electricity market,green certificate market,and carbon market.Therefore,this article focuses on the participation of wind and solar new energy power generation companies(hereinafter referred to as "wind and solar power generation companies")in market transactions,and discusses the issue of wind and solar power generation companies participating in multi market coupled transactions,which has important research value for promoting the sustainable development of wind and solar new energy.The main research content is as follows:(1)The dissertation summarizes the domestic and foreign research results,relevant theories,and policy mechanisms of wind and photovoltaic power generation companies participating in multi market transactions.Firstly,the research status at home and abroad is summarized from three aspects:the electricity-green certificate-carbon multi-market trading mechanisms,the participation of wind and photovoltaic power generation companies in electricity market trading,and the participation of wind and photovoltaic power generation companies in electricity-green certificate-carbon multi-market trading.Secondly,the connotation and typical characteristics of electricity-green certificatecarbon multi-market trading are introduced,and the concept and characteristics of multimarket trading are clarified.Finally,the basic theory,relevant policies,and mechanisms of multi-market trading are discussed,laying the foundation for the subsequent research of the dissertation.(2)The dissertation investigates the participation of wind and photovoltaic power generation companies in the coupled trading path of electricity-green certification-carbon multi-market.Firstly,a dynamic model of the electricity-green certificate-carbon multimarket trading system is established,and the interaction mechanism and functional relationship of multi-market trading are analyzed.Secondly,the coupled relationship between multi-market is analyzed.Finally,based on the multi-market trading mechanism and coupled relationship,the paths for wind and photovoltaic power generation companies to participate in multi-market coupled trading has been established,providing a foundation for the subsequent research on multi market coupled trading models in this dissertation.(3)The dissertation proposes a coupled trading model for wind and photovoltaic power generation companies participating in the electricity time series market,taking into account uncertainty.Firstly,based on the medium to long-term electricity market,a transaction optimization model is proposed for wind and photovoltaic power generation companies to participate in annual bilateral negotiations and monthly centralized bidding markets.The multi-agent deep deterministic strategy gradient algorithm is used to solve the optimal strategy for wind and photovoltaic power generation companies to participate in the medium to long term market;A multi-objective optimization model for medium to long term contract decomposition was established,and the adaptive weighted sum method is used to solve the model and obtain a uniform Pareto solution.Secondly,considering factors such as uncertainty in wind and photovoltaic power output,spot market electricity prices,and bias penalties,and introducing conditional value risk theory,a spot market trading optimization model under medium and long-term contract decomposition constraints is established from the perspectives of risk neutrality and risk preference,to solve the spot market trading strategy of wind and photovoltaic power developers.The research results indicate that in the medium to long-term market,wind and photovoltaic power companies will obtain the optimal market strategy through multiple rounds of bidding transactions,and the decomposition results of medium to long term contracts can track the actual output of wind and photovoltaic power to ensure the consumption of new energy;In the spot market,the risk preference trading optimization model can quantify the potential losses caused by wind and photovoltaic uncertainty,which is helpful for wind and photovoltaic power generation companies to prevent and control risks in the spot market.(4)The dissertation proposes a coupled trading model for wind and photovoltaic power generation companies to participate in the electricity-green certificate market,taking into account green value.Firstly,an analysis is conducted on the existing green certificate trading mechanism in China,and a green certificate calculation model for wind and photovoltaic power generation companies is proposed that takes into account green value.Secondly,a dual layer coupled trading model is established for wind and photovoltaic power generation companies to participate in the electricity-green certificate market.The upper level model considers maximizing the revenue of the wind and photovoltaic power generation company’s electricity green-certificate market,while the lower level model achieves joint clearing of daily spot,real-time spot,and green certificate markets,and uses the chaotic sparrow algorithm to solve the model.The research results indicate that in the early stages of the development of the electricity market,wind and photovoltaic power companies participate in the market without quoting,and the fluctuation of electricity prices in the day-ahead market is relatively stable,which is conducive to the smooth start of the spot electricity market.After the market gradually develops and matures,participating in the market with quoted prices can maximize the revenue of the electricity-green certificate market and fully stimulate the market vitality of wind and photovoltaic power generation companies.(5)The dissertation establishes a coupled trading model for wind and photovoltaic power generation companies to participate in the electricity-carbon market,taking into account CCER.Firstly,the current CCER transaction certification mechanism in China was reviewed,and a CCER calculation model considering the accuracy of wind and photovoltaic forecasting is proposed.Secondly,in response to the game behavior of wind and photovoltaic power generation companies and conventional coal power generation companies,non cooperative game theory is introduced to establish a non cooperative game optimization model for wind and photovoltaic power generation companies to participate in the electricity carbon market.The upper level models aim to maximize the profits of wind and photovoltaic power generation companies and conventional coal-fired power generation companies,while the lower level models aim to maximize the welfare of the electricity carbon market.Then,the bilevel optimization problem is transformed into a balanced constrained mathematical programming problem by means of the Karol Kuhn Tuck condition.The balanced constrained mathematical programming problem is further transformed into a mixed integer linear programming problem by using the strong duality theorem and the binary expansion method,and then the diagonalization algorithm is used to solve the Nash equilibrium solution.The research results indicate that wind and photovoltaic power companies can increase their own clearance through electricitycarbon coupled market transactions,synchronously compress the clearance of conventional coal electricity,and indirectly improve the overall social welfare.The uncertainty of wind and photovoltaic power output and the increase in installed capacity will reduce the profits of wind and photovoltaic power producers.(6)The dissertation proposes a model for wind and photovoltaic power generation companies to participate in electricity-green certification-carbon multi market coupled trading has been proposed.Firstly,in order to avoid duplicate measurement of the environmental value of wind and photovoltaic new energy in the green certificate market and carbon market,and to expand the number of green certificate subscribers,a green certificate carbon quota equivalent interaction mechanism and model are designed that takes into account emission reduction.Secondly,based on the electricity supply and demand pattern in China,a master-slave game model is established for wind and photovoltaic power generation companies to participate in the electricity-green certificate-carbon market.The receiving provincial electricity buyers are selected as the main players in the game,and the cost of purchasing electricity in the receiving provincial and inter provincial markets is minimized;Taking the wind and photovoltaic power generation companies in the sending end province as the game participants,we will consider maximizing the value of electricity in the sending end province’s internal and inter provincial markets,while also considering maximizing the benefits of environmental value in the green certificate market and carbon market.The research results indicate that the constructed multi-market coupled trading model can accurately depict the game interaction behavior of wind and photovoltaic power generation companies,and can ensure that wind and photovoltaic power generation companies achieve maximum profits under the influence of electricity prices,green card prices,and carbon prices.