Study On The History And Protection Of Hierarchic And Folk Culture And Religious Architecture In Southern City Of Beijing From The Field View

Under the background of the national “cultural confidence” initiative and the capital’s “cultural center” positioning,given the importance of research of medium scale regional history and culture and heritage conservation in Beijing old city,in addition to the present stage of the insufficiency of the perspective and method,this paper taking the Ming and qing dynasties,and nowadays the southern area of Beijing old city as the range of time and space,with the help of GIS,Geo Da technology platform,using multi-source big data combined with spatial quantitative analysis,as well as qualitative analysis method,based on field theory framework,studies the regional hierarchic and folk culture history and protection,including monograph of religious architecture culture history and protection.The Main contents and conclusions include the following:First,on the spatial correlation of religious belief change and the location,mainly taking the western part of Beijing outer city of the Ming and qing dynasties as the representative area,deducting to the northern cities of the corresponding time,based on analysis of road network centricity,it is found that form the Ming to the Qing dynasty,the overall distribution of temples in the city was “by the center to the edge”;the location advantage of Sian(Buddhist temple)and Cimiao(temple of folk belief)“shifting”.It respectively projects that the importance of the religious belief in the northern city function experienced a significant decline;in the time,the decline of Buddhism accelerated,whereas the folk belief became more and more developed.Second,on analysis of the historic causes of the harmonious coexistence and development of multiple religions,selecting Niujie and Huashi as two representative districts,from the angle of historic culture comparison within multivariate religious architecture,including the four aspects of overall distribution,building named/gifts,layout form,social function,“ seeing from the small”,it explains and proves that the harmonious development of multi-religious beliefs in contemporary China is a continuation of history.Third,in the study of the spatial field of hierarchic culture in the Beijing outer city of the Qing dynasty,the core area of hierarchic culture was defined as the“double-kidney” area in the middle and middle north of the western part of the outer city.It had well-developed transportation,and was close to the folk culture area,to which it had no absolutely clear boundary,reflecting the exclusion and dependence,infiltration and complementation between the both cultures.The spatial correlation inside the subfield of the core region is characterized by the hierarchical spatial structure of “chain type” and “center-transition center” with “three elements and two clusters”.It is quantitatively verified that “the feeling of hometown” was the driving force of celebrity residences and guild halls gathering.Fourth,on the spatial field correlation of hierarchic and folk culture in outer city of Qing dynasty,based on the model of “three-layer theory of culture”,it is elaborated the relationship structure between the hierarchic-folk culture and culture,emphasizing the concept of hierarchic-folk culture from a dialectical perspective.The spatial relation types between hierarchic culture and hierarchic-folk culture of temples are summarized.The scope of the commercial culture area in outer city,and the spatial correlation characteristics between the hierarchic and the folk culture area are clarified.Based on the theory of cross-cultural adaptation,it is also discussed the contact and relationship between western religious culture invasion and the local hierarchic-folk culture in the late Qing dynasty.Finally,by using the network big data of cultural heritage and business formats combining with GIS spatial analysis and data statistics,as well as qualitative methods,Firstly,it is promoted the conception of traditional Hierarchic and folk culture protection,analyzed the spirit and physical space,clarified the architectural carrier and the value of the remaining block.It is also given four method logic of the field reconstruction,and the practical strategy of physical space field and its mutual construction from the perspective of field subject,as well as established the field reconstruction model.Secondly,it is introduced field research information,classifying the status,and expounding the value of cultural heritage of the religious architecture in south of the old city.Then on the principle basis,the protection and utilization strategies are put forward from the perspective of location.