Controller Design For Electric Vehicle Wireless Charging System Using LCC-S Compensation Topoogy

Wireless power transfer(WPT)has been desired since the proposition made by Nikola Tesla about 100 years ago.Due to the recent progress in power electronics technology and advancements in WPT techniques,it is realized that implementing a WPT system is now economical and can be used as a commercial product.Compared to the plug-in charging system,WPT is simpler,reliable,and user-friendly.Resonant inductive coupling based WPT is the technology that promises to replace the plug-in charging system.It is desired that the WPT system should provide regulated current and power with maximum efficiency.However,due to the instability in the connected load,the system output current,power,and efficiency vary.To solve this issue,DC-DC converters are implemented with the WPT system which can adjust its input resistance by altering its duty cycle.In this thesis,different non-linear controllers are considered to control the DC-DC converters and operate the WPT system with maximum efficiency implemented in various types of hybrid electric vehicles.Firstly,a buck converter based WPT system is proposed to charge the connected ultracapacitor with maximum efficiency.To control the duty cycle and regulate the WPT system output current and power with optimal efficiency,a discrete fast terminal sliding mode controller is proposed.The proposed WPT system uses the LCC-S compensation topology to ensure a constant output voltage at the input of the buck converter.The LCC-S topology is analyzed using the two-port network theory,and governing equations are derived to achieve the maximum efficiency point.Based on the analysis,the proposed controller is used to track the maximum efficiency point by tracking an optimal power point.An ultra-capacitor is connected as the system load,and based on its charging characteristics,an optimal charging strategy is devised.The performance of the proposed system is tested under the MATLAB/Simulink platform.Comparison with the conventionally used PID and sliding mode controller under sudden variations in the connected load is presented and discussed.An experimental prototype is built to validate the effectiveness of the proposed controller.Secondly,a wireless power transfer-based hybrid energy storage system(WPT-HESS)system has been proposed which includes battery and supercapacitor(SC)connected to WPT system through DC-DC converters.To ensure stable DC bus voltage,the inductor-capacitorcapacitor-series(LCC-S)compensation network has been implemented in the WPT system.To ensure that the WPT system operate at this maximum efficiency point and the SC has been charged to its maximum capacity,an energy management system(EMS)has been devised that generates reference currents for both the SC and battery.An Integral terminal sliding mode controller(ITSMC)has been designed to track these reference currents and control the power flow between the energy storage units(ESUs)and WPT system.The stability of the proposed system has been validated by Lyapunov theory.The proposed WPT-HESS system has been simulated using the MATLAB/Simulink.The robustness of ITSMC against the widely used proportional-integral-derivative(PID)and sliding mode controller(SMC)has been verified under abrupt changes in the associated ESUs resistance and reference load current.Finally,the simulations of the WPT-HESS system have been validated by controller hardware-in-loop(CHIL)experiments.Thirdly,using WPT technology,a wireless in-wheel motor(WIWM)based on LCC-S Compensation topology is proposed.To cater for varying power requirements of WIWM,and generate optimal power from WPT system,an ultracapacitor(UC)is connected in parallel with WIWM.The UC and onboard battery make a hybrid energy storage system for the in-wheel motor system.A super-twisting sliding mode controller-based control system has been designed to drive the WIWM at desired speed and track UC current to required reference.The stability of proposed control system is verified by Lyapunov stability criteria.The performance of the proposed controller has been compared against conventionally used PID and Lyapunov controller by driving EV according to European Extra Urban Driving Cycle(EUDC).Finally,the real-time performance of proposed control scheme has been validated by controller hardware-in-loop(C-HIL)experiments.Finally,a double integral sliding mode controller is proposed for a hybrid electric vehicle comprised of the Fuel cell as the main energy source along with supercapacitor and battery as the auxiliary power source.To charge these energy storage units,an LCC-S compensation network-based wireless charging system has been proposed.An energy management system has been presented to efficiently distribute the power during the driving and charging mode.The stability of the proposed control structure has been verified by Lyapunov stability theory.The proposed control scheme has been verified by simulating the electric vehicle under the European extra-urban driving cycle in MATLAB/Simulink platform.To check the robustness and effectiveness,the proposed controller has been compared against PID and Lyapunov controllers.The real-time implementation of the proposed controller has been validated by controller hardware-in-loop experiments.