Research On A New Method Of Textile Dyeing Based On Electron Beam Irradiation Technolog

Dyeing is an important process in textile processing,which gives textiles rich colors.However,with the improvement of people’s environmental awareness,the pollution problem of textile dyeing industry has received more and more attention.Traditional textile dyeing technique has many disadvantages.First of all,traditional textile dyeing consumes a lot of water.Water is not only used as a dyeing medium,but also used in large quantities to wash excess dyes and chemical dyeing assistant.These used effluents contain too much dye,inorganic salts,heavy metals and organic compounds which are difficult to reuse.Secondly,traditional textile dyeing process is inefficient,and a lot of energy was wasted in the dyeing process.In order to solve the pollution problem of traditional dyeing technology,it is urgent to develop an efficient and pollution-free dyeing technology.In this paper,a new electron beam grafting dyeing process was proposed,which aims to reduce the water and energy consumption in the dyeing process and minimize the environmental impact of textile dyeing industry.The research of this paper is divided into the following five parts:(1)A series of vinyl primary dyes were synthesized,and their structure and stability were analyzed.This series of dyes draws on the molecular structure of traditional dichlorotriazine reactive dyes,and its active groups are vinyl functional group,while retaining its stable chromophoric group.Therefore,this series of dyes not only has the advantages of bright color of traditional reactive dyes,but also has the ability of grafting polymerization.In addition,the dyes remained stable at irradiation absorption doses of up to 60 k Gy.The successful synthesis of vinyl dyes and their high irradiation stability laid a solid foundation for the subsequent work.(2)Synthetic vinyl dyes were fixed on the cotton via electron beam grafting to achieve the three-color dyeing of the cotton.Firstly,the formula of the dye solution and the absorbed dose of irradiation were optimized.Then,the cotton was dyed under the optimal dyeing conditions with three primary dyes at different concentrations.The dyed cotton was evaluated by Lab value test and standard colorimetric card comparison experiment and characterized and analyzed by scanning electron microscope,infrared spectrum and ultra depth of field electron microscope.The color fastness of dyed cotton was tested by accelerated washing.Those experimental results show that the electron beam grafting dyeing process has a good effect on the three primary colors dyeing of cotton.Finally,the dyeing wastewater was evaluated and compared with the real wastewater obtained from the factory and the relevant standards.It is concluded that the dyeing wastewater can be discharged directly.(3)Based on the dyeing of three primary colors of cotton via electron beam grafting three vinyl dyes were mixed in different proportions to achieve mixed color dyeing of cotton.The dyed cotton was evaluated by Lab value test and standard colorimetric card comparison experiment and characterized and analyzed by scanning electron microscope.the color fastness was tested by accelerated washing.The wastewater was evaluated according to relevant standards.The mixed dyeing of cotton via electron beam grafting still has a good effect.(4)Nylon was dyed via electron beam grafting.In this research,the red vinyl dye was used to study the dipping and rolling times of nylon fabric,and it was found that the dyeing effect of nylon with three times dipping and rolling was significantly better than Nylon with one time dipping and rolling.Then,the affinity of nylon to the dyeing solution was improved by adding ethanol into the dyeing solution,and the effect of ethanol on the dyeing was studied by adding different proportions of ethanol.Finally,nylon was dyed with the optimized dye solution formula,and the dyed nylon fabric was tested with Lab value,scanning electron microscope,washing resistance and water contact angle.The dyeing effect of nylon is slightly worse than that of cotton,but there are still great improvements compared with the traditional dyeing process,especially in environmental protection and energy saving.(5)The antibacterial properties of cotton dyed via electron beam irradiation were tested.The strains used in the test can be divided into Gram-positive strains(Escherichia coli)and Gram-negative strains(Staphylococcus aureus),and the method used in the test is co-culture-plate counting.The results showed that the antibacterial rate of the dyed cotton fabric to gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria exceeded99.99%,even after 20 times of accelerated washing,its antibacterial effect remained unchanged.