| Rural ecological civilization is an indispensable part of national ecological civilization construction.Rural green development is one of the core contents of rural ecological civilization construction,which is related to the common well-being of urban and rural residents.The 14th Five-Year Plan period faces the major task of promoting comprehensive green transformation and building a beautiful China.However,the long-accumulated internal pollution in rural areas and the superposition of urban transfer pollution have not yet been effectively curbed.The problem of unbalanced and insufficient development between urban and rural areas and within rural areas is still prominent.It is urgent to explore the dynamic mechanism of collaborative governance of multiple subjects and implementation of green transformation development in rural areas.Compared with cities,rural areas bear the heavy responsibility of agricultural product safety and ecological barrier,and the social benefits they play are far greater than the benefits of rural areas themselves.However,the ecological compensation currently received by rural areas is not linked to their ecological benefit spillover contributions,and there is a disconnect between the allocation of compensation funds and their value contributions.Clarifying the spillover of ecological benefits from rural areas is an important basis for optimizing ecological protection compensation,which helps stimulate the intrinsic motivation of rural green development.On the basis of scientifically defining the connotation of rural green development and its spillover effects,this research closely addresses scientific issues such as the measurement,conduction paths,and influencing factors of the spillover effects of rural green development.Based on the spatial panel data at the macro level and the survey data of farmers at the micro level,the method of emergy analysis,spatial measurement and mediation effect is used for demonstration,and relevant policy suggestions are put forward based on the cognition and behavior response of farmers at the level of farmers.It provides an important theoretical basis for accelerating the green development of rural areas and realizing urban-rural common welfare.Firstly,the rural green development has three important characteristics:clean production,low-carbon life and ecological productization.Its essence is the dialectical unity of“green”and“development”in rural areas and the relationship between urban and rural areas.The calculation results based on the improved DPSIR model showed that,the comprehensive index of rural green development showed an upward trend from 2009 to 2017,but it was still at a medium and low level on the whole.Agricultural carbon emissions,surface pollution and pressure on arable land are still difficult points in the transformation and development of rural areas,so we should increase the supply of policies to improve quality and increase greenery,and find the right way to respond.According to the SBM model of unexpected output,the overall efficiency of rural green development was efficient and showed an“inverted N”type fluctuation trend.The spatial agglomeration of the comprehensive index of rural green development was obvious,while the efficiency showed significant time accumulation effect and spatial spillover.This requires regions to give full play to the spatial interaction of green development,coordinate regional and inter-regional interest relations,and grasp the interaction and integration of ecological and economic factors on the spatial scale.Secondly,the improvement of green development efficiency in rural areas could form reverse ecological spillover,which was conducive to the transformation of rural areas from passive acceptance to active attraction of consumption,and the realization of promoting development with ecological advantages.This was related to the emergence of leisure tourism and other ecological industries around the current,but the role of economic development to feed back the ecological environment was not obvious.First of all,based on the ecological supply and consumption of the rural ecological surplus value calculation model,it was concluded that all provinces,autonomous regions and municipalities had positive spillover of rural ecological value from 2009 to 2016.Non-rural areas were important consumers of ecological value,but there was a phenomenon of“consumption,no cost”for intangible ecological value at present.Moreover,urban and rural economic development and ecological spillover had not yet formed a good coordination and interaction within the local scope.The optimal allocation of ecological resources can be achieved by implementing ecological credit-based trading of intangible ecological products and coordinating the relationship between the receiver and the supplier of spillover effects.Secondly,when the efficiency of rural green development increased by 1%,the rural ecological spillover decreased by 0.244%on average,and the level of rural green development had no significant impact at present.Therefore,the cumulative value of ecological spillover of rural green development in each region from 2010 to 2016 was-3.77×1022sej（about 5.057 billion yuan after conversion）.From the impact mechanism of the spillover effects of rural green development,it could be seen that rural green development reduced the loss of ecological spillover by attracting the inflow of targeted consumption,of which the intermediary effect was 17.87%.The mobility of ecosystem services and associated industry overdrive enhanced the negative relationship between rural green development efficiency and rural ecological spillover,while urban-rural population mobility showed a weakening effect.Therefore,in addition to giving full play to the positive role of rural green development efficiency in reducing the spillover loss,we should start from the allocation of regional resources as a whole to promote the ability of economic development to feed back the trans-regional ecological spillover.Finally,the behavioral responses at the farmer level showed that farmers’behavioral attitudes,subjective norms and behavioral control acted together to transform behavioral willingness and cultural identity into behavioral responses.Among them subjective norms played the strongest role on behavioral willingness and cultural identity,while the specific mediating effect of cultural identity was significantly stronger than behavioral willingness.This indicated that the measures taken by local governments such as rural habitat improvement have played a good normative role,but the behavioral attitudes of farmers have not been fundamentally transformed.The next step is to play the dual role of demonstration effect and propaganda effect of policy measures.The spillover compensation of ecological benefits in rural areas should be used to compensate for the cost loss of rural green development implementation subjects,so as to stimulate individual green production and living behavior inputs.Based on the clarification of the scientific connotation of rural green development,this study constructed and empirically analyzed the spillover effects measurement method and mechanism of rural green development from the cross-regional spatial spillover and the impact of rural green development on ecological spillover,which cross-used the disciplinary methods of economics,ecology,management and geography,and used a large amount of multi-source data such as statistics,research and meteorological monitoring.At the same time,policy measures to guide farmers’behavioral responses were proposed.The study captures the critical issues of optimizing ecological protection compensation with ecological benefit spillover,effectively improves the existing literature on the inadequate research on rural green development and its spillover measurement methods,and provides a new perspective and theoretical basis for tapping the dynamics of rural green development. |
PDF Full Text Request