| Industry is a very important part of the development of national economy,the country’s long-term stability and people’s happy life are inseparable from the sustainable and healthy development of industrial economy.Since the founding of new China,especially since the Third Plenary Session of the 11 th CPC Central Committee,the rapid take-off of the national economy largely depends on the rapid development of China’s industrial economy.However,data from the National Bureau of Statistics shows that although China’s industrial sector accounts for about one-third of the national economy,it consumes nearly 70 percent of the country’s total energy consumption and emits more than 80 percent of pollutants.Due to the worsening situation of resource shortage and environmental deterioration,the traditional industrial economic growth model of over-reliance on resources and arbitrary discharge of waste is out of date.How to deal with the contradiction between industrial economic development and resource shortage,environmental deterioration and extreme climate is a major problem that needs to be solved urgently for all countries in the world.The report of the Party’s 20 National Congress points out that China’s positive attitude towards global ecological problems will be to insist that lucid waters and green mountains are gold and silver mountains,give priority to ecological conservation,accelerate the green transformation of development mode and actively promote environmental pollution prevention and control.Industry is not only the key field of environmental pollution prevention and control,but also an important level of green transformation and upgrading.Reasonable and effective evaluation of ecoefficiency of industrial system is of great significance and far-reaching influence to policy makers,enterprise managers and consumers.The eco-efficiency evaluation study of industrial system in provincial areas not only can provide reference for the green transformation of provincial industrial industries,but also has great significance for improving the international competitiveness and sustainable and healthy development ability of Chinese industrial industries.At present,the relevant methods and models of Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA)are used to study the industrial eco-efficiency.Most existing researches focus on the application of traditional single-stage DEA model(i.e.,"black box" model)and Two-stage Network DEA(Two-stage NDEA)model.The Meta-frontier DEA model considering the heterogeneity of Decision-Making Unit(DMU)is rarely used.However,there are fewer studies on the application of Meta-frontier DEA model in static or dynamic hybrid multi-stage network systems that consider heterogeneity and explore more complex ones.So far,we have not found relevant literature to discuss the evaluation of industrial eco-efficiency in heterogeneous conditions and mixed multi-stage system.Chapter 1 of this thesis is the introduction,which mainly introduces the relevant research background and significance,elaborates the research content,research methods and research ideas,and states the research structure arrangement.Chapter 2is literature review,which mainly reviews the theoretical basis and literature data related to this study.Chapter 3 firstly defines the related concepts involved in this paper,explains the selection basis of the evaluation index system adopted in this paper,and explains the collection sources of empirical data in this paper,and defines the scale and regional division criteria involved in the discussion of heterogeneity.Chapter 4,Chapter 5 and Chapter 6 are the core contents of this study.Chapter 4is to evaluate the eco-efficiency of industrial system considering the scale heterogeneity,and consider a generalized series-parallel hybrid industrial production system structure.According to the network structure type,under the condition of Slacks-Based Measure(SBM),a Meta-frontier SBM-NDEA eco-efficiency evaluation model was established,and the efficiency gap model and inefficiency decomposition model were derived.In Chapter 5,we consider the eco-efficiency evaluation of industrial systems with coexistence of regional heterogeneity and dynamics,and integrate regional heterogeneity and temporal dynamics into the evaluation model of NDEA(Dynamic NDEA,DNDEA).A Meta-frontier SBM-DNDEA evaluation model for industrial eco-efficiency was proposed.Compared with the previous chapter,heterogeneity was considered differently,and dynamics was added to the model.Chapter 6 is the eco-efficiency evaluation of industrial system considering scale heterogeneity,regional heterogeneity and dynamics.This chapter comprehensively considers the coexistence of scale heterogeneity and regional heterogeneity,and constructs a production frontier with three-layer structure.Therefore,a three-layer Meta-frontier DDF-DNDEA eco-efficiency evaluation model based on the directional distance function(DDF)was established under dynamic conditions.Moreover,in order to better analyze the dynamic changes of total factor eco-efficiency,we constructed a Meta-frontier Malmquist-Luenberger index.Chapter 7 compared and analyzed the eco-efficiency evaluation model proposed in Chapter 4,Chapter 5 and Chapter 6 with the results of the classical CCR model and the traditional Two-stage DDEA model,and tested the superiority and innovation of the proposed model.It also explains the research conclusions,suggestions and innovations of this paper,discusses the shortcomings of the current research,and provides some research directions or research ideas that can be carried out in the next step.After research,this paper draws the following conclusions:(1)Overall,the eco-efficiency level of provincial industrial systems is still not high,and the average eco-efficiency value of provincial industrial systems based on the Meta-frontier NDEA evaluation model established under different heterogeneity and research frameworks has little difference,with scores of 0.4034,0.5634 and0.5632,respectively.Under different Meta-frontier NDEA models,the evaluation results of industrial eco-efficiency in each region are as follows: Shows that the traditional industrial extensive economic development model of our country has still not made the organic change,there is large money improving space.The difference in eco-efficiency of various regional industrial systems is significant.(2)Under the premise of only considering the scale heterogeneity,the eastern provinces had the best performance of industrial eco-efficiency(0.5324).The improvement space of industrial eco-efficiency in western provinces was the largest,and the score was only 0.3249.The low industrial eco-efficiency in the eastern region is mainly caused by the low level of environmental efficiency,the low industrial ecoefficiency in the central region is caused by the combined action of the low level of resource efficiency and environmental efficiency,and the industrial eco-efficiency in the western region is largely determined by the economic efficiency.(3)Convergence of eco-efficiency.Under the significance level of 1%,the ecoefficiency of provincial industrial system shows absolute convergence and conditional convergence.However,the absolute convergence rate and conditional convergence rate are 0.0117 and 0.0029 respectively,which means that it will take a long time to realize the stability of eco-efficiency level of provincial industrial system.(4)Technological gap rate of eco-efficiency.In terms of the technical gap rate of eco-efficiency,there is a significant difference in the east,central and western regions,and the technical gap rate of eco-efficiency in the eastern region is significantly higher than that in the central and western regions,indicating that there is not much difference between the meta-frontier eco-efficiency in the eastern region and the frontier eco-efficiency of each group after considering the scale heterogeneity and regional heterogeneity.The eco-efficiency level of industrial system in eastern provinces is better than that in central and western provinces.(5)Decomposition of eco-inefficiency.According to the results of ecoinefficiency decomposition,backward production technology,low management level and low scale efficiency are the main reasons for the low eco-efficiency of industrial system in provincial areas,especially the inefficiency of management and inefficiency of scale are the key reasons for the low eco-efficiency of industrial system in provincial areas.(6)Dynamic changes of total factor eco-efficiency.During the study period,although the average GMMLI index of total factor eco-efficiency of industrial system in provincial regions fluctuated slightly,it was stable and improved on the whole.Compared with that before 2011,the total factor eco-efficiency of the national industrial system increased by 21.15%,in which scale efficiency contributed the largest increase of 7.62%.From the perspective of subregion,the total factor ecoefficiency of industrial system in eastern region increased the fastest,reaching30.07%,while that of industrial system in central region increased the slowest,reaching 13.20%.(7)Influencing factors of eco-efficiency.The research shows that the level of regional economic development has a positive and significant impact on regional industrial eco-efficiency,the importance of industrial system research and development has a negative and significant impact on industrial eco-efficiency,the degree of industrial internationalization has a positive and significant impact on industrial eco-efficiency,and the profitability level of industrial system has a negative and significant impact on industrial eco-efficiency.(8)Comparison with classical model results.The results of the eco-efficiency evaluation model proposed in Chapter 4,Chapter 5 and Chapter 6 of this paper are compared with the results of the classical CCR model and the traditional Two-stage DDEA model.Considering heterogeneity is very important to the evaluation results of regional industrial system eco-efficiency in China.Ignoring regional scale and regional heterogeneity may lead to overestimation of the evaluation results of regional industrial system eco-efficiency.The traditional NDEA model,which does not consider the heterogeneity of DMU and the difference of industrial waste treatment process,may also overestimate the eco-efficiency assessment results to a certain extent,and the continuity of production activities in different periods of the industrial system will affect the eco-efficiency assessment results.The above findings indicate that the industrial eco-efficiency evaluation model proposed in this paper has certain superiority and innovation.The main innovation points of this research are as follows:First,a new NDEA model based on the SBM model and Meta-frontier analysis framework is proposed,namely,the Meta-frontier SBM-NDEA model.Under the premise of scale heterogeneity,this model is used to evaluate the eco-efficiency of industrial systems in provincial regions of China,and the convergence of ecoefficiency is analyzed.Through the decomposition of eco-inefficiency,the potential sources of eco-efficiency improvement were found out.Tobit regression model was used to analyze and discuss the influencing factors of eco-efficiency in industrial system.Second,a new DNDEA model based on SBM model and Meta-frontier analysis framework is proposed,namely,the Meta-frontier SBM-DNDEA model.On the premise of regional heterogeneity,this model is used to make an empirical analysis of the eco-efficiency of the industrial system in China’s provincial regions,and then analyzes the provincial industrial eco-efficiency and stage efficiency,and analyzes the situation of industrial eco-efficiency in different periods,different regions and different output sizes.Finally,the eco-inefficiency is decomposed.It provides potential improvement direction for provincial industrial eco-efficiency.Third,a new DNDEA model based on DDF and Meta-frontier analysis framework,namely,Meta-frontier DDF-DNDEA model,is proposed,especially under the premise that scale heterogeneity and regional heterogeneity exist simultaneously.A three-layer Meta-frontier DDF-DNDEA model was established and used to empirically study the eco-efficiency evaluation of industrial systems in provincial regions of China.A Meta-frontier Malmquist-Luenberger index was constructed to study the change of total factor eco-efficiency in provincial industrial systems.Finally,the paper provides some strategies or suggestions to improve the eco-efficiency of industrial system in provincial areas. |
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