| The shock absorption function of sports shoes plays a crucial role in safeguarding individuals from impact injuries during physical activities.It is also a significant consideration for consumers when selecting sports footwear.The combination of material hardness in the sole and insole,as key components of sports shoes,directly influences the shock absorption performance of the footwear.Unfortunately,there is a lack of comprehensive research on how the material hardness combination of the sole-insole affects the shock absorption function of sports shoes.This knowledge gap hampers the provision of theoretical guidance and technical support for the advancement of shock absorption performance in sports shoes.The objective of this study was to address the aforementioned issues by employing material testing methods,human body testing methods,and finite element simulation analysis.These approaches were used to systematically investigate the impact patterns of various sole-insole material hardness combinations on the shock absorption function of sports shoes.The study aimed to uncover the underlying physical mechanisms behind the shock absorption function and develop a testing and simulation analysis platform for assessing sole-insole materials.By doing so,the study aimed to establish a theoretical foundation and technical means for evaluating and enhancing the shock absorption function in sports shoes.The primary research contents are summarized as follows:(1)Drop impact tests were conducted using a drop impact testing machine to examine 18 different combinations of sole-insole material hardness,including variations in the hardness of the EVA midsole,rubber outsole,and EVA insole.These tests were performed at low-energy,medium-energy,and high-energy levels.Six test parameters,such as peak impact force,time to reach peak impact force,average load rate,maximum load rate,time to reach maximum load rate,and peak acceleration,were analyzed.The results highlighted the significant influence of the interaction between different sole-insole material hardness combinations and varying impact heights on these test parameters.The material testing method effectively determined the shock absorption function of sports shoes,with peak impact force and peak acceleration identified as reliable indicators for assessing shock absorption performance.(2)Human body testing methods utilizing a three-dimensional force platform system were employed to investigate the impact of sole-insole material hardness combinations on the shock absorption function of sports shoes during walking,slow running,and fast running modes.The results indicated that the interaction between the sole and insole had no significant effect on the evaluation parameters of shock absorption function across different sports conditions.However,compared to the material testing method,the human body testing method was subject to individual variations among participants and the mode of exercise,rendering it inadequate for accurately assessing the impact of different sole-insole material hardness combinations on shock absorption function.(3)Finite element simulation analysis was employed to simulate the material impact testing experiment and analyze its impact on the shock absorption function of the sole-insole.By substituting the real physical model,three test parameters were analyzed,including peak impact force,time to reach peak impact force,and peak acceleration.The results indicated that the finite element simulation analysis method effectively analyzed the influence of sole-insole material hardness on the shock absorption function under material impact testing conditions.In comparison to conventional material impact testing,the finite element simulation analysis method allowed for macroscopic analysis,analyzing reaction forces on the platform and predicting the shock absorption effect during human wear.Moreover,it enabled microscopic analysis of sole and insole materials,examining parameters such as compression displacement and strain energy,which provided more precise insights into the proportion of shock absorption effectiveness attributed to different materials.This aided in studying the shock absorption mechanism of sole-insole materials,with peak acceleration serving as a notable indicator of the impact of sole-insole material hardness combinations on the shock absorption function of sports shoes.(4)Finite element simulation analysis was also utilized to analyze the impact of sole-insole material hardness combinations on the shock absorption function of sports shoes during fast running.By substituting a foot-shoe-ground finite element model for the real foot-shoe-ground model,the analysis focused on the influence of sole-insole material hardness on the shock absorption function under conditions of free-fall motion with a specific initial velocity.This method allowed for the analysis of ground impact forces,as well as stresses on the soft tissues and bones of the heel,thus predicting the risk of impact injuries during human wear.It also facilitated the study of the impact of sole-insole material hardness combinations on the mechanisms of heel impact injuries in the human body.However,it is important to note that this method was only applicable to the heel strike situation during fast running and could not be utilized for slow running or walking with both feet supported.(5)To enhance the efficiency of material testing analysis for the shock absorption function of the sole-insole,a testing and simulation analysis platform was developed.This platform,created using the Python programming language,incorporated a graphical user interface(GUI)for simulation analysis operations.It utilized the Python language application programming interface(API)provided by Abaqus to enable pre-processing operations,control the computational model,and perform post-processing operations.By inputting model parameters,the platform facilitated pre-processing and post-processing for the simulation tests,generating various data reports and analysis reports for the test parameters.Drawing from Abaqus’ experience in secondary development in other fields and based on the workflow of material testing and finite element simulation analysis,the Abaqus simulation analysis software was further developed to establish a specialized simulation analysis platform tailored for sole-insole material testing.This platform significantly improved the efficiency of material testing for the shock absorption function of the sole-insole and provided a specialized simulation analysis platform for further investigations into the impact of sole-insole material hardness combinations on the shock absorption function of sports shoes.In summary,this study systematically investigated the shock absorption function of the sole-insole through material testing methods,human body testing methods,and finite element simulation analysis.It revealed the impact patterns of different sole-insole material hardness combinations on the shock absorption function of sports shoes and unveiled the underlying physical mechanisms of shock absorption.Additionally,a testing and simulation analysis platform for sole-insole material testing was developed,providing theoretical guidance and technical support for the development of shock absorption performance in sports shoes. |
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