Research On Routing And Key Resource Allocation Technologies In Quantum Satellite Networks

As the deepening of the global economic integration,the demand for ultra-long-distance communication is also constantly being released,and its security will also have a direct bearing on economic development,social stability and national security.Quantum Key Distribution(QKD)is one of the important means to ensure the security of information communication.Using quantum satellites to build a global quantum satellite network can make quantum-based encryption for wide-area communication networks possible.It can also provide a strong guarantee for the realization of the strategic goal of cyber power and the development of digital economy.Based on the construction of quantum satellite network,this dissertation focuses on the key supply for three typical services:singlesource single-destination service,single-source multi-destination service and multi-source multi-destination service.Aiming at the four core challenges of "discontinuous,unbalanced,inadequate and untimely" in the networking and application of quantum satellite networks,the dissertation researches a quantum satellite network structure,carries out three key technology breakthroughs for services,formes a "1+3" research system,solves the scientific problem of "the imbalance between the supply of key resources and the demand of security services".This dissertation mainly completes the link modeling and architecture design of quantum satellite network,explores and innovates the technologies of routing and key resource allocation for end-to-end security service,secure multicast service and secure multi-tenant service,and also improves the key supply capability of quantum satellite network and the security performance of ultra-long-distance service.The main work and innovation of this dissertation are as follows:Firstly,in order to solve the problem of discontinuity in key distribution of a single quantum satellite,this dissertation studies the relationship between the free space key generation rate and transmission distance based on decoy state BB84 protocol under ideal conditions,establishes the link models of quantum key distribution in different transmission environments;designs a large-scale low-orbit quantum satellite constellation,designs the architecture of the quantum satellite network,verifies the feasibility of global QKD,which lays a foundation for the standardization of the world integrated quantum information network system.Secondly,in order to solve the problem of unbalanced distribution of link key resources in end-to-end secure service,a service-oriented adaptive maximum flow path algorithm and joint weight optimization algorithm are proposed for static and dynamic service scenarios respectively,which complete the routing and key resource allocation of single-source singledestination services,realize the balanced supply of link key resources and improve the success rate.The simulation results show that in static service scenario,the success rate of service request is increased by 23%compared with Dijkstra algorithm.In dynamic service scenarios,the success rate of service requests is increased by 17.53%compared with the minimum weight algorithm.Thirdly,in order to solve the problem of insufficient utilization of relay key resources in multicast service,a new node structure is designed,the auxiliary topology method is adopted to dynamically describe the link weight information,the satellite-relay tree is constructed,and a multicast service oriented satellite-relay algorithm is proposed,which completes the routing and key resource allocation of secure multicast service.It realizes the full utilization of relay key resources and improves the success rate.The simulation results show that in static service scenario,compared with Dijkstra algorithm,the success rate of services is increased by 35.97%.In dynamic service scenario,compared with Dijkstra algorithm,the service success rate is increased by 17.33%.Fourthly,in order to solve the problem of delayed global key resource supply for multi-tenant services,a key sharing mechanism for multi-tenant services is designed.Based on the quantum key pool(QKP)supplement strategy,a multi-layer routing and key resource allocation algorithm is proposed,which realizes the routing and key resource allocation of multisource multi-destination service,improves the success rate of requests and realizes the timely supply of global key resources.The simulation results show that in static service scenario,compared with the minimum weight algorithm,the success rate of services is increased by 9.98%.In dynamic service scenario,compared with the minimum weight algorithm,the service success rate is increased by 9.3%.