| With the proposal and development of light field theory,wavefront sensors based on light field structure are also applied in wavefront detection.The plenoptic sensor is improved based on the structure of the light field camera,the light field image obtained by the plenoptic sensor records the position and angle information of the light,which can be used to reconstruct the intensity distribution and the wavefront information of the incident light field,the unique design of the optical structure of the plenoptic sensor in the field of wavefront detection has a better application prospect.To systematically study the wavefront detection performance of the plenoptic sensor and extend its application in adaptive optical systems,this paper investigates and analyzes the wavefront detection performance of the plenoptic sensor under different turbulence intensities by theoretical derivation and numerical modeling simulation and summarizes the influence of the structural parameters of the plenoptic sensor and the assembling error on its wavefront detection performance.A joint correction model combining the wavefront detection of the plenoptic sensor and the stochastic parallel gradient descent algorithm with the iterative optimization algorithm is proposed,and a simulation study of the wavefront correction for aberrations of different turbulence intensities is carried out to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the joint correction model.The key research elements of the full paper are as follows:First of all,in-depth theoretical research on the wavefront detection principle of the plenoptic sensor is carried out,and the imaging process and wavefront detection principle of the plenoptic sensor are analyzed by using geometrical optics theory and Fourier optics theory,which lays a theoretical foundation for the establishment of the numerical simulation model of the plenoptic sensor in the later stage.At the same time,the similarities and differences in the working principle,wavefront detection performance parameters,and application scenarios of the plenoptic sensor,SchackHartmann wavefront sensor,and light field camera wavefront sensor are also compared and analyzed to highlight the advantages of the plenoptic sensor in the field of wavefront detection.Then,a numerical simulation model of aberration wavefront detection by the plenoptic sensor is established,and the reconstruction effect of the plenoptic sensor on single-order aberration and aberration wavefront with different turbulence intensities is simulated and analyzed so that the wavefront detection performance of the plenoptic sensor is systematically investigated.The results show that the plenoptic sensor can effectively complete the reconstruction of the aberrant wavefront,with the increase of turbulence intensity,the relative error of the plenoptic sensor for the detection of the aberrant wavefront gradually decreases,and the unique design of the optical structure makes the plenoptic sensor more suitable for the detection of aberrant wavefronts in strong turbulence conditions.To further improve the wavefront detection performance of the plenoptic sensor,the influence of the structural parameters of the plenoptic sensor on the wavefront detection accuracy is studied and analyzed to provide a basis for the structural design and parameter optimization of the plenoptic sensor.At the same time,it also studies and analyzes the influence law of the error factors such as relay system aberration,assembly error,and image noise on the wavefront detection performance of the plenoptic sensor in the process of processing and mounting,and puts forward the technical index requirements for the processing and mounting of the plenoptic sensor.Then,the simulation model of aberration wavefront correction based on the plenoptic sensor is established,and the correction performance of the adaptive optics system based on the plenoptic sensor is studied and analyzed.The simulation results show that the beam quality of the imaging spot is significantly improved after the closed-loop correction of the adaptive optical system based on the plenoptic sensor,and the aberrated wavefront is effectively corrected.To further improve the correction performance of the adaptive optics system,a joint correction mode combining the wavefront detection of the plenoptic sensor and the iterative optimization of the stochastic parallel gradient descent algorithm is proposed without increasing the measurement equipment,and the correction performance of the joint correction mode and the conventional correction mode on the aberrated wavefront is compared and analyzed.The results show that the peak intensity,Strehl ratio,and energy concentration of the imaging spot are significantly improved after closed-loop correction using the joint correction mode.With the increase of turbulence intensity,the performance index of the corrected imaging spot improves more obviously,and the proposed joint correction model provides a new idea for the application of an adaptive optics system based on the plenoptic sensor.Finally,the principle prototype of the plenoptic sensor was built and the calibration of the plenoptic sensor was completed.Using the 37-unit deformable mirror,the experimental platform of the 37-unit adaptive optics system based on the plenoptic sensor was constructed and the experimental study of the aberration wavefront correction was carried out.The experimental results show that the adaptive optics system with the plenoptic sensor as the wavefront sensor can accomplish the effective correction of the aberrated wavefront,and the experimental results preliminarily verify the feasibility of applying the plenoptic sensor as the wavefront sensor in the adaptive optics system. |
