Electromagnetic Environmental Effect Theory And High Intensity Electromagnetic Field Environment Characteristics For Complex Systems

Electromagnetic environmental effects(E3)studies the impact of electromagnetic environment(EME)on the working ability of personnel,equipment,system and platform.With the rapid development of information technology and the increasingly complex electromagnetic environment,E3 cognition and control have become the key technology in the equipment development and use.At present,the research on E3 is very urgent and positive progress has been made in many aspects.However,for large and complex systems such as ships and airplanes,some key science and technology problems such as E3 quantitative control,high intensity electromagnetic environment characteristics and protection,test and evaluation need to be solved urgently,because a variety of equipment are integrated,involving radio frequency electromagnetic field,electromagnetic pulse field,electromagnetic safety and other effects.In this paper,taking large complex system as the object,the E3 basic theory for complex systems and the characteristics of high intensity radiated fields(HIRF)and high altitude electromagnetic pulse(HEMP)are systematically studied by combining theoretical analysis,modeling simulation and experimental verification from the engineering practice.The main contents include:(1)Through comprehensive analysis,the E3 definition and scope are standardized and defined.The concept of E3 impact degree(ID)and E3 control method based on ID are proposed.The ID mathematical model and calculation matrix composed of "susceptible receptors importance" and "effect consequence severity" are established by associating multiple indexes of complex system with EME elements.The E3 dynamic control process based on ID is constructed.The multi-level and multi-factor E3 quantitative control for complex system is realized.Taking a typical system as an example,the application method,control program and results analysis are given.(2)The standards of HIRF and HEMP environment are analyzed.Some conclusions of EME limit composition,frequency band division,data source are obtained.The characterization method of HIRF and HEMP waveform and characteristics are given.The EME characterization and prediction method of shielding cabin based on reverberation theory is proposed.It provides a new idea for the EME analysis of the external electromagnetic field coupled to the internal system.These lay a theoretical foundation for modeling simulation and experimental verification of EME.(3)The demand of modeling and simulation of strong EME for complex systems are analyzed from the perspective of engineering application.This paper puts forward engineering solutions to the problems of incomplete data,multiple scales,lowfrequency failure and large scale.Focusing on RF electromagnetic field and EMP,the integrated model of radar antenna and ship body is established,and the coupling simulation of RF EME and EMP of super large and complex structure of ship is realized.The characteristics of ship-radiated field and the energy coupling law of EMP to ship radar antenna are obtained.(4)The time-domain,frequency-domain and time-frequency-domain combination test technology of radar radiation field are summarized.These improve the EME test method.For the susceptibility test of reverberation chamber and current injection RF EME,the correlation between reverberation chamber and anechoic chamber and relationship between irradiation electric field and surface current of cable shielding layer are given.Through simulation and test,the key factors affecting the wave impedance of electromagnetic field radiated by the continuous wave irradiator are revealed.The continuous wave irradiator is designed.The response relationship of continuous wave and HEMP irradiation methods is analyzed.These lay a foundation for the application of irradiator and equivalent test of HEMP effect.(5)Aiming at the problem of E3 margin evaluation at system level,based on fault tree analysis(FTA),the logical relationship between equipment and system margin is established.The margin evaluation model is established.The evaluation model can solve the system margin evaluation.Three kinds of evaluation methods: EME domain,response domain and effect domain are proposed.The E3 margin evaluation process is given by a typical system application.Aiming at the E3 control effect evaluation of complex system,the application process and optimization method of the evaluation are described by using the above quantitative control research results and taking the ship system as the object.This paper focuses on the combination of theory and practice.The scientific and effective of the theory and technical method are verified by means of simulation and measurement.The results include the proposed method and models of E3 quantitative control,the method of modeling and simulation of EME radiation sources,equivalent test method of electromagnetic susceptibility and HEMP,E3 margin evaluation method,and the established E3 control process and integrated electromagnetic models of complex system and emitter,and the designed HEMP continuous wave irradiator.The research results are valuable to promote the theoretical research and engineering practice in the E3 technical field.