Research On The Impact Of Symbiotic Strategic Orientation On Entrepreneurial Performance From The Perspective Of Entrepreneurial Ecosystem

The entrepreneurial ecosystem is a strong support for the in-depth implementation of the national major regional development strategy.The construction of a healthy and sustainable entrepreneurial ecosystem can absorb and gather innovative value reserves,realize the orderly and efficient optimization and utilization of resources and opportunities,form the endogenous power of high-quality development with driving force,and simultaneously improve the overall economic quality and development energy efficiency of the region.In order to have a deeper understanding of the operating mechanism of China's entrepreneurial ecosystem,better play the regulation and guidance role of the government,stimulate the vitality of entrepreneurial enterprises,and promote the symbiosis,interaction,convergence and fission of innovation elements within the system to form an orderly positive feedback with self-organization characteristics.There is an increasing demand for in-depth research on the multi-dimensional entrepreneurial ecosystem from the government,scholars and entrepreneurial enterprises.The research on entrepreneurial ecosystem is a high combination of practice and theory.In this context,it is necessary to extract research problems with theoretical value from practical practice,take theory as the starting point and practice as the goal.The two complement and benefit each other to form a systematic linkage between promoting theoretical development and practice application.Thus,it lays a solid foundation for high-quality entrepreneurial ecosystem research.The rapidly changing market environment and the increasingly fierce competition situation make enterprises have to face the huge pressure of survival.Around the world,the high rate of entrepreneurial failure has long been a major problem that has troubled governments and enterprises for many years and needs to be solved urgently.The growth and development of any enterprise cannot get rid of the influence and restraint of the entrepreneurial ecosystem in which it is located.The deeply embedded enterprise behavior is imperceptively influenced by all aspects of the system.The wrong strategic choice and inefficient system matching may directly lead to the failure of entrepreneurial activities.Therefore,the realization of the collaborative development of the enterprise and the system and the establishment of a highly compatible strategic guidance with the system determine whether the enterprise can take root and survive in the system,obtain support and assistance from the system,and then achieve steady growth of performance.The choice of strategic orientation is an important life-and-death decision for a new venture,which usually determines the competitive advantage of the enterprise and affects the allocation of resources and opportunities in a long time.The individual attributes of an enterprise must be highly compatible with the ecosystem in which it is located,and it should take the strategic guidance suitable for the entrepreneurial ecosystem to participate in the market competition,form the symbiosis and interaction at the strategic level,and guide it according to its potential,so as to promote the co-evolution of the enterprise and the system and realize the multi-dimensional co-creation of value.As one of the main characteristics of entrepreneurial ecosystem,symbiosis is the source of the evolutionary driving force of entrepreneurial ecosystem.The traditional theory of organizational evolution usually draws on the evolution theory of Darwin and Lamarck,namely,the theory of organizational environment selection and the theory of individual adaptation.However,due to their tendency of reductionism and relative static perspective,they are not suitable for the study of evolutionary phenomena in the social field.Symbiosis theory integrates the ideas of "selection" and "adaptation" and provides new ideas for scholars.Symbiosis theory regards organization and environment as a symbiotic whole,analyzes the relationship between organization and environment from the dynamic perspective,and regards the synergistic relationship between organization and environment as a dynamic,nonlinear and complex internal relationship of the system.The cooperation,competition and synergy between the members of the system promote value creation and value acquisition,and is the power and basis of energy,resources and information flow in the system.For in the system within the enterprise,how to comply with the direction of system evolution and the strategic selection of the law of development,in the mind of the symbiotic do in Rome as Rome does,adjust measures to local conditions of strategic decision,will determine the enterprises whether can get bonus in the evolution of the system,in the existing market and short-term profits at the same time keeping innovation,maintain its competitive advantage,Achieve long-term strategic goals.Entrepreneurial ecosystem is a dynamic and complex system with biological significance,and there is an objective demand for multi-agent coordination and interaction.The addition and combination of individual elements in a complex system cannot achieve the whole,and the relationship between actors does not exist alone,but forms a highly coupled,interconnected and balanced multi-level network structure.Each strategic choice of the enterprise in the system determines the construction of relationships and networks in the ecosystem.The scale,density and centrality of the network all play an important role in the evolution and development of the ecosystem.In the entrepreneurial ecosystem,the choice and occupation of ecological niche determine the competition and cooperation game,performance distribution,information sharing and resource coordination between the main players,regardless of the position of the enterprise in the network.The network centrality of an enterprise determines its position in the ecosystem and also represents the ability of an enterprise to obtain information and resources through the network.Rapid and effective opportunity development and resource integration is an important means for new enterprises to gain competitive advantages and establish themselves in the market.For new enterprises facing new disadvantages or distorted resource allocation,through the participation of network behavior,the competition and cooperation relationship with other participants in the system can be gradually built,and multi-dimensional resources and information access channels can be built.The high-quality network structure can guarantee the improvement of enterprise performance and the promotion of strategy.In the process of "walking with the head down and looking up at the sky",we will find a two-way balance on the road of symbiosis,cooperation and interactive development between enterprises and systems.Based on the above background,this article systematically reviewing and combing the relevant theory and literature,on the basis of related variables in this research covers the definition and dimensions,and on the exploratory case study combed the variables,the relationship between the abstract theoretical construct,from actual case in this paper,the theoretical model of final formation.This paper focuses on the relationship between symbiotic strategic orientation(competitive cooperation and cooperative competition),opportunity exploitation(innovative development and imitative development),resource integration(resource bricolage and resource optimization),network centrality and entrepreneurial performance.Through the method of questionnaire survey,large-scale data were collected,comprehensive use of SPSS22.0 and AMOS22.0 statistical analysis software,the theoretical hypothesis was empirically tested.The conclusion of this paper has strong reference value for the improvement and supplement of existing theories.This paper mainly obtains the following five conclusions :(1)This paper constructs and verifies the construct of symbiotic strategic orientation of entrepreneurial ecosystem,which can be divided into two dimensions,namely competitive cooperation and cooperative competition.Symbiotic strategic orientation is a kind of strategic direction,which determines the creation and transmission of information,capabilities and resources in the entrepreneurial ecosystem.(2)Symbiotic strategic orientation is positively correlated with entrepreneurial performance,that is,in symbiotic strategic orientation,competitive cooperation is positively correlated with entrepreneurial performance,while cooperative competition is positively correlated with entrepreneurial performance.(3)Opportunity exploitation plays a mediating role in the relationship between symbiotic strategic orientation and entrepreneurial performance,that is,innovative opportunity exploitation and imitative opportunity exploitation play a mediating role in both competitive cooperation and cooperative competition.(4)Resource integration plays a mediating role in the relationship between symbiotic strategic orientation and entrepreneurial performance,that is,resource bricolage and resource optimization play a mediating role in both competitive cooperation and cooperative competition.(5)Network centrality partially moderates the relationship between symbiotic strategic orientation and entrepreneurial performance,opportunity development and resource integration.The theoretical innovation and contribution of this paper are mainly reflected in the following aspects:(1)it puts forward the concept of symbiotic strategic orientation of entrepreneurial ecosystem,explores the influence of symbiotic strategic orientation on the improvement of entrepreneurial performance of enterprises.This paper constructs a two-dimension analysis based on competition and cooperation relationship,and deeply discusses the strategic orientation of symbiosis of entrepreneurial ecosystem at the system and network levels,which is a supplement and improvement of the existing research on symbiosis strategy of entrepreneurial ecosystem,provides a new perspective and direction for the research on entrepreneurial ecosystem.(2)A comprehensive conceptual model of the relationship between the symbiotic strategic orientation of entrepreneurial ecosystem and opportunity exploitation,resource integration,network centrality and entrepreneurial performance is constructed,and empirical tests are carried out using first-hand research data to reveal the internal mechanism of entrepreneurial performance of new ventures under the symbiotic strategic orientation of entrepreneurial ecosystem.A relatively complete and logically consistent conceptual framework is constructed,which further enriches and develops the research on entrepreneurial ecosystem,entrepreneurial opportunities and resources,social network structure and entrepreneurial performance.(3)Taking network centrality as the starting point of network hierarchy,the moderating mechanism of network centrality on symbiotic strategic orientation,entrepreneurial opportunity exploitation and resource integration of entrepreneurial ecosystem is analyzed,and the network structural factors affecting symbiotic strategic orientation and entrepreneurial performance are further explored.It enriches the research on the interactive relationship between enterprise competition and cooperation and network centrality,opportunity exploitation and resource integration.(4)With the method of exploratory case,the paper conducts an in-depth analysis of the integrated dual interaction behavior of opportunities and resources,and comprehensively analyzes and discusses the mediating effect of the identification and exploitation of opportunities and the bricolage and optimization of resources on the symbiotic strategic orientation and entrepreneurial performance of the entrepreneurial ecosystem.This paper sorts out and analyzes different types of opportunity development and resource integration,clarifies the important position of entrepreneurship opportunity and resource-related research in entrepreneurship theoretical research.At the same time,the case study method further enriches the methodology of entrepreneurial ecosystem theory research,also complements and improves the diversity of existing research methods.