The Coordinated Development Of Regional Economy Under The Spatial Regulation Of Land Use Planning

The spatial planning is an important category of government’s social regulation.It can help to correct the market failure in the process of land use.However,the spatial regulation of land use planning has an inevitable spillover effect.So the implementation of regulatory policies will lead to the imbalance of regional economic development,due to the differences in regulatory intensity and limited degree of heterogeneous individual land development rights.In order to compensate for the development of restricted areas and related interest groups’ welfare loss,some countries or regions use the land development rights transfer,tax relief and agricultural environmental policy and other forms of institution innovation,promoting the coordinated development of economy between different areas and groups.For the past 30 years,we have gradually implemented a series of planning and control measures such as land use planning,land use control,main function area planning and land planning,from quantity control to spatial boundary control.Through the indicators allocation of various types of land,the central government implements differentiated intensity of spatial planning and regulation for the different regions,to balance the contradictions between economic growth and resource &environmental protection in the overall territorial space.However,how much intensity of spatial regulation does the regulation intensified areas and weakened areas suffer,respectively?How much does the differentiated intensity of spatial regulation on the formation of the regional economic development gap?What can we learn from international experience? Based on these experiences,we can build a coordinated development mechanism of regional economy,to promote the various types of regulatory areas in resource conservation and economic development to play their respective advantages and share the dividends of urbanization and development.These are the major issues we need to answer in this paper.For the above questions,based on the implementation background of China’s spatial regulation of land use planning,this paper have made a systematic study on the influence of spatial regulation of land use planning on regional and urban-rural economic development and their mechanism,under the guidance of relevant economic theory.We take the impact of differentiated intensity of spatial regulation on economic development gap between heterogeneous areas and urban and rural areas as the breakthrough point.Then we have carried on the corresponding empirical test making the counties(cities,districts)of Hubei province as an example.At the same time,according to the results of empirical analysis,in reference to some successful implementation experience of the coordinated development of regional economy in Europe and the United States and other western developed countries,this paper puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions that we take the transfer and compensation of land development rights as the main coordinated development tool.The main research work and conclusions are as follows:First of all,we measure the strength and spatial correlation of spatial regulation of land use planning.Based on the existing research on national space classification,we put the production,living and ecology space into a unified classification system of national space.Then,we have obtained the urbanization space area of the counties(cities,districts)of Hubei province from 2002 to 2013.Combined with the population of each region,we calculate the intensity of the spatial regulation of land use planning characterized by the per capita urbanization space,and they have a negative correlation.The results show that different counties(cities,districts)of Hubei province have undergone different intensity of spatial regulation.From the economically developed central cities or municipal districts to the external underdeveloped counties(county-level city),the intensity of spatial regulation is roughly evolved from weak to strong.Furthermore,we also analyze the spatial correlation of the intensity of spatial regulation in different regions.Under the significance level of 5%,these 12 observations of global moran’s I index are significantly positive in 2002-2013.It shows that there is statistically significant spatial agglomeration phenomena in the spatial regulation of land use planning in the counties(cities,districts)of Hubei province.The area where the national space is highly regulated and the area where the national space is lowly regulated are showing a spatial distribution in the geographical position.Secondly,we analyze the strength of spatial regulation of land use planning on regional economic development,from the competitiveness of local governments and the Wuhan urban agglomeration spatial planning two different angles.From the perspective of spatial regulation of land use planning on the competitiveness of local governments,we use the panel data of 82 counties(cities,districts)of Hubei province from 2002 to 2013 to empirically analyze the differentiated intensity of spatial regulation on regional economic development.And we use a variety of robust testing methods to ensure the reliability of the results.We have found that the region which where the national space is higher regulated,the local government can operate the less land elements.So,the local government in the competitiveness of regional economic development is weak and then its economic development level is correspondingly low.Another kind of analysis is the opportunity to make clever use of the quasi-natural experiment of the Wuhan urban agglomeration spatial planning.By using county-level panel data of 74counties(cities,districts)in Hubei province during 2002-2012,we analyze the effect of spatial regulation of land use planning to the key development areas’ economic growth based on PSM-DID model.The results show that the spatial regulation of land use planning promote the key development regions’ economic growth significantly.The GDP growth rates that municipal district and county(city)has adopt are 2.4 and 1.1 percentage points,respectively.This finding shows that compared with non-key development areas,the spatial regulation of land use planning have led to faster economic growth of key development areas.Therefore,the gap of economic development between the two regions will be further widened.Thirdly,based on the fact that the spatial regulation of land use planning widen the regional economic development gap,we further analyze the impact of spatial regulation of land use planning on the income gap between urban and rural residents and the specific mechanism.We also use the panel data of counties(cities,districts)units of Hubei province from 2002 to 2013 to test the effect of spatial regulation of land use planning on the income gap between urban and rural residents,and whether urbanization is the core of the transmission channels that have been verified.At the same time,in order to ensure the robustness of the research results as much as possible,we also have carried out the robustness test on the regression results by replacing the explanatory variables,the regression of the tool variables and other methods.The research shows that the income gap between urban and rural is significantly affected by the intensity of national space regulated.Specifically,the area where the urbanization space per capita is smaller,has the higher intensity of national space regulated and the higher urban-rural income gap.Its mechanism is that the spatial regulation of land use planning has a significant impact on the urbanization process.So,the area strengthened by spatial regulation of land use planning where the level of urbanization is relatively lower,has the larger income gap between urban and rural residents.Finally,we use the analytical framework of regulatory economics to analyze the general principle of government failure that the central government imposes a different strength of spatial regulation on the heterogeneous region.Then,we point out the institution defect and economic incentive of unbalanced development between different regionas and urban-rurals under our country’s spatial regulation of land use planning.So,the coordinated development mechanism of regional economy is necessary.Combined with the actual situation of our country,on the basis of the successful experience of Europe and the United States,we put forward the cross-regional drift of the construction land and the economic compensation policy for cultivated land conservation at the regional and farmer level,to coordinate economy development of regions and urban-rural in our country.