Study On The Fiscal And Taxation Policies To Promote The Development Of Logistics Industry

Logistics, finance and information industry are called three major productive serving industries in modern world. Angus Maddison, an economist historian of Great Britain, said in The World Economy--A Millennial Perspective, In past500years, most results in the world economy's development were brought by the decrease of communication and transportation costs. Recently, a series of macro policies were launched to advance the development of logistics in home. And as an important measure in economic regulation, tax policies should play a role in supporting the development of logistics. This article, therefore, makes researches on relative theoretical issues on tax policies and demonstrates necessities and effectiveness of support of tax policies for the logistics and confirm its functional areas and supporting methods.The essay consists of seven chapters; chapter1is the introduction, mainly about the background, summaries of studies in home and abroad, research methods, etc. The body consists of six chapters.Chapter2is about theoretical analysis of the support of tax policies to development of logistics, including four sections. Section1defines relative definitions such as logistics, logistics industry and modern serving industry, stating the relationship among commodity-circulate, logistics, capital flow and information flow, and mainly analyzing its function and characteristics in national economy and challenges in21st century. Section2states theoretical problems on malfunctions of logistics market and the relationship between the government and the market during the development of logistics. Section3demonstrates the necessity and effectiveness of the government's intervention on the basis of public goods theory, externality theory and developing countries theories, etc. Section4analyses the mechanism of the fiscal and taxation policies to support the logistics industry development.Chapter3consisting of three sections, makes empirical studies on the interactive relationship among fiscal revenues, economy's raise and development of logistics. Section1briefly introduces the development of logistics in China, economy's rise and fiscal revenue since the reform and opening-up. In section2 a VAR model is set up to study the relationship between fiscal revenue, economy's rise and developments of logistics by Granger causal analysis impulse response and variance decomposition; section3makes regression analysis of relationship among freight mileage, GDP and fiscal revenue.Chapter4analyzes the history of logistics, current situation and existing problems in China. Section1recalls the development of logistics and its current situation; section2analyzes the appearance and influence caused by the proportion the logistics cost takes in GDP. And last section analyzes the reasons why the logistics cost takes higher proportion in GDP, including logistics infrastructures' qualities, tax burden level, governmental fund, industrial structure and level of urbanization.Chapter5recalls the history of our fiscal and taxation polices of logistics industry and analyzes the existing problems. Section1tells the fiscal policies supporting the development of logistics in home since2001, including increased input in logistics infrastructures, technical transformation in logistics entrepreneurs and foundation of special development funds to develop serving industry and rural logistics serving system. Section2recalls the history of taxation polices of the logistics industry. Section3makes empirical study on tax changes and factors causing these changes of logistics entrepreneurs on the basis of annual reports of the listed logistics companies from2008to2013, Section4analyzes the problems existing in the current fiscal and taxation policies. In general, the fiscal support to logistics seems insufficient, especially in the aspects of development and application of advanced logistics technologies and equipments, construction of information platform and training for the professional talents. The main current function of fiscal taxation policy is to clear the regulation which limits the development of logistics, however, there is few supporting policies that can develop the logistics.Chapter6introduces the situation of logistics in the US, Germany and Japan and their experiences of supporting the development of logistics by tax policies, for example:putting the logistics industry in a prior development position; emphasizing long-term plan of development of logistics; increasing the investment to the logistics infrastructures, attracting the private investment by all means; leading the logistics' development and distribution of resources by tax policies; and the last, encouraging the innovation and application of logistics technologies and development of green logistics by the function of taxation policies.Chapter7gives some suggestions on fiscal and taxation policies on logistics,consisting of4sections. The first section is the guideline, confirming the relationship between the government and the market in the development of logistics, referring that the market mechanism has to have the decisive effect; applying the principles adjusting to current situation in home which applies to the characteristics, efficiency and market economy laws. The second suggests that we should adapt the structure of the fiscal investment to the characteristics of the logistics industry development, increasing the investment of waterway construction and logistics infrastructure constructions with higher quality, strengthening the planning and construction of logistics public information platform, Increasing fiscal support to the advanced technology innovation and application,giving more fiscal support to talents'training,cultivating and supporting the third party logistics enterprises, strengthening the support of rural logistics industry. In addition, we can support the logistics industry through fiscal incentives,government procurement,fiscal interest discount and other ways to guide the development of logistics industry. The third section is mainly about the suggestions on completing taxation policies at home, which include unifying tax rate of VAT for the whole logistcs industry, strengthening the logistics'development socially and professionally by privileging tax policies to the business which separate secondary lines of business from core business during the outsource process; applying taxation policies to the whole nation to develop the logistics network; perfecting the VAT pilot program; improving the governmental fund and making standards for highways'tolls. And the last section states other supporting facilities including management systems, land polices and traffic management polices.