Normative Research On Research Methods For Doctoral Dissertations In Physical Education In My Country

On the basis of consulting a large number of relevant methodological literature,this research uses 723 Ph D dissertations in physical education from 2013 to 2020 as empirical data.The literature analysis method is used to sort out and summarize sample's research method,and the methodological characteristics and deficiencies of the thesis in the current Ph D in physical education have been summarized.The Delphi method was used to conduct expert correspondence with 35 physical education doctoral tutors across the country.After two rounds of questionnaires,expert opinions were highly convergent,and the existing physical education research method system was reviewed and reconstructed.And according to the quantitative,qualitative,and mixed paradigms,experts confirmed the necessary procedures for the use of specific technologies and evaluated the use of specific technologies based on sample data,and finally formed the necessary procedures for the use of technologies recognized by them.This study draws the following conclusions:Conclusion 1: Summary of the methodological characteristics of the Ph D dissertation in physical education today:(1)The dual system of natural science and social science;(2)The coexistence of multiple discipline research paradigms;(3)The emergence of mixed research paradigms in specific disciplines;(4)Deeply influenced by the research paradigm of its own parent discipline;(5)Diversification of methods based on practical problem solving;(6)Interdisciplinary approach has become the main direction of innovation;(7)Data analysis technology has been developed in an all-round way(8)A new approach to theoretical development of innovation and symbiosis has been adopted.At the same time,the sample method usage was further summarized,and common problems were summarized,such as: the method system is not rigorous,the logic level is easy to be mixed;the research design is easy to be vague,the method terminology is not uniform;the technical application is not standardized,and the expression is often formal;the theoretical dialogue is likely to be lost and the method characteristics is vague.Conclusion 2: After two rounds of expert letter inquiries with Delphi method,the system structure of sports science method is summarized recognized by experts.The structure includes four levels from high to low: methodology level,research paradigm level,research design level and specific technology level.The methodology does not involve specific technologies,but only provides a theoretical basis,focusing on the nature and process of research.The methodology is of a hierarchical structure,including philosophical level methodology,general scientific methodology,natural science or social science methodology,and specific discipline methodology.The research paradigm layer is divided into speculative research and empirical research,and empirical research is further divided into quantitative research,qualitative research and mixed research according to the knowledge view,research strategy,and methods of collecting and analyzing data.The research design layer has different classification methods according to different standards.For example,according to different research purposes,it can be divided into exploratory,descriptive or explanatory research.According to time,it can be divided into transverse research and longitudinal research.At the specific technical level,it is difficult to exhaust all technologies according to one classification method due to the large number and diverse types.Therefore,specific technologies can be divided from multiple dimensions.The theoretical and empirical dimensions,the data acquisition and analysis dimensions,and specific and general topic dimensions should be considered in the classification.Conclusion 3: Based on experience introduction,the specific use of common research methods in quantitative and qualitative paradigms has been evaluated,which combines the use standards of mature discipline methods and the necessary links recognized by Delphi experts,referring to the research reality of physical education,and has formed the evaluation standards and detailed sub-standards of each research method in the form of a list.It has been used as a benchmark to compare with the papers in the sample that use this method.The questionnaire method,the experimental method and the content analysis method have been mainly evaluated in the quantitative paradigm;the observation method,interview method,case study,field survey,grounded theory,historical research method,oral history and qualitative text analysis have been mainly evaluated in the qualitative paradigm.Finally,the standardized use steps of each research method are proposed,and each step is explained in detail.Conclusion 4: The use of mixed research paradigm in the research field of physical education is still in the groping stage.Therefore,the discussion of the mixed research paradigm is different from the more mature quantitative and qualitative research methods.It mainly discusses the appropriateness of the use of the mixed paradigm,the situational appeal and model selection,and the basic process of the mixed design.The research conclusions include that the applicable scenarios for the mixed research of the Ph D dissertation in physical education consist of improving the interpretation of complex research issues,developing new measurement tools or theoretical models,quantitative reduction in dimensionality,preparing for qualitative in-depth discussions,and the convertibility of improving small-group research results.The discussion of the hybrid design model can be divided into synchronous and asynchronous structures from the perspective of time.It can also be divided into the equal structure and the primary and secondary design structure from the perspective of weighting.Finally,the mixed research paradigm models of physical education in the sample are divided into four categories,one of which is synchronous design model triangulation design;the other three categories are asynchronous design models,which are embedded design,interpretative design,and exploratory design.Based on the approval of Delphi experts,the basic process of hybrid research is summarized,including the determination of hybrid research paradigm,the selection of research design model,the collection and analysis of hybrid data,and the presentation of hybrid research results.