| Deng Xiaoping’s economic democracy thought inherits and develops the economic democracy thought of the classical Marxist writers.It is not only the theoretical guide to change the highly centralized economic system,but also the inevitable result of responding to the new changes of the world situation、national conditions and the party situation,or the final result of profound reflection on the economic practice of major countries after World War II.Studying Deng Xiaoping’s thought of economic democracy has important theoretical value and practical significance for further deepening and expanding Deng Xiaoping’s theoretical research and promoting the cause of socialist economic democracy in China.The forming process of Deng Xiaoping’s thought of economic democracy can be divided into four stages: first,it was a brewing and germinating stage from the study of working hard and thrifty in France and in June 1923 to the active participation in the revolutionary armed struggle;second,after the transfer to the Central Committee in July1952,it was proposed that the economic construction should be promoted to an important position,the practical interests of the people should be paid attention to and the distribution should be paid attention to,according to the amount and contribution of labor It is an active exploration stage to determine the level of wages and to implement the principles of equality and freedom.The third stage is the initial formation stage from supporting the reform of the rural production responsibility system to requiring the expansion of local and enterprise autonomy,breaking the single ownership structure and putting forward the concept of “market economy”after the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China in December 1978.The fourth stage is the tenth of the Communist Party of China in October 1984 After the Third Plenary Session of the twelfth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China,from the emphasis on “separating ownership and management rights in various forms”to the spring tour in 1992,the important conclusion of combining socialism with market economy and the value goal of unifying efficiency and fairness were put forward,which was the mature and perfect stage.Deng Xiaoping’s thought of economic democracy is rich in connotation and involves a wide range.The main manifestations of choosing the major ones are: first,the institutional guarantee of economic democracy is the basic economic system such as ownership,economic system and distribution system.That is to say,the ownership structure with public ownership as the main body and multiple economic components coexisting is the basic premise of economic democracy,the socialist market economy system is the way and the most important symbol of economic democracy,and the fair distribution of economic achievements promoted by the distribution system with distribution according to work as the main body and other distribution methods coexisting is the value embodiment and basic goal of economic democracy.Second,the core of economic democracy is the democratization of economic management.Economic democracy requires the people to have an independent position of economic autonomy in economic activities,and to enjoy the right of independent economic management and economic interests.The basic principles of economic democratic management are “to manage the economy with economic methods”,“democratic centralism”,“unity of responsibility,power and interest”,“efficiency first,and consideration of fairness”.In practice,we should not only promote the democratic management of macro-economy,deal with the relationship between the party and the government,the relationship between central and local governments,the relationship between the government and the enterprise,and the relationship between the government and the society,but also promote the democratic management of the enterprise,so that the enterprise becomes the main body of the market and the employees become the owners of the enterprise.Third,the key link of economic democracy is the democratization of economic decision-making.In the process of economic decision-making,we should strengthen and improve our work from the aspects of democratic formulation,democratic implementation and democratic test,so as to promote the democratization of economic decision-making in an all-round way.That is,in the process of economic decision-making,“emancipating the mind and seeking truth from facts”is the necessary condition,the mass line is the basic method,and democratic centralism is the important guarantee;in the process of economic decision-making implementation,“implement by people”is the source of power,“encourage trial,allow to see,do not argue” is the inevitable choice,“unity of principle and flexibility” is the important principle;In the process of economic decision-making test,“practice”is the only standard,“three benefits”is the specific standard.Fourthly,the practical effect of economic democracy is the democratic change of economic behavior.That is,the transformation of production behavior from administrative control to independent operation,the transformation of exchange behavior from planned allocation to market allocation,the transformation of distribution behavior from equalitarianism to “efficiency first,considering fairness” and the transformation of consumption behavior from planned regulation to moderate sustainable.The theoretical gist of Deng Xiaoping’s economic democracy thought is as follows:Socialism is the institutional foundation of economic democracy,the Communist Party of China is the core of leadership,the development of productivity is the material premise,people’s autonomy is the value demand,and the realization of all-round development of human being is the ultimate goal.The theoretical characteristics of Deng Xiaoping’s economic democracy thought is as follows: the unity of economy and democracy,the unity of productivity and production relations,the unity of economic reform and political reform,the unity of economic freedom and economic equality,the unity of the truth and value,the unity of stage and long-term.To enter a new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics,Deng Xiaoping’s economic democracy still has great theoretical and practical value.Its theoretical value lies in that it is the inheritance and development of Marxist economic democracy thought and an important guide to continuously promote the cause of economic democracy.Its practical value lies in the efforts to create a political and legal environment conducive for the economic democracy,which not only can actively promote the democratization process of economic management and economic decision-making,but also can promote all the people to share the achievement of social economy,so as to guide the cause of socialist economic democracy in our country constantly develop in depth and breadth. |
