The Eighth Route Army Military Industry Research During The Anti-Japanese War

As an important source of weapons and equipment for the Eighth Route Army during the War of Resistance,the military industry is more stable than the sources of weapons such as the National Government’s supplies,seizures on the battlefield,and civilian collections.When the sources of other weapons were limited and the"remaining force was insufficient",the military industry provided an important and stable source of munitions for the Eighth Route Army to persist in the war of resistance behind enemy lines.Based on a large amount of historical data and data,this article takes the military industry established by the Eighth Route Army in various base areas during the War of Resistance as the research object,and examines the establishment of the Eighth Route Army’s military industry in five aspects:its motivation,development history,source of elements,salient features,functions and influences.Elaboration and analysis,in order to show the full history of the Eighth Route Army’s military industry to the greatest extent.This article is divided into five chapters according to the research content.Extract the first chapter to study the reasons for the establishment of the Eighth Route Army military industry.Firstly,at the beginning of the reorganization,the three main divisions of the Eighth Route Army were poorly equipped with weapons and equipment,which Mao Zedong described as "very poor and weak".Secondly,the rapid increase in the number of the Eighth Route Army and the increasing frequency of combat missions have further exacerbated the shortage of weapons and ammunition in the Eighth Route Army.The issue of weapons and equipment has become "the most serious and difficult issue in our army’s current and especially the future war of resistance" in the telegraphs of Zhu De and Peng Dehuai.Thirdly,the Eighth Route Army has limited sources of weapons and "insufficient rear force".The National Government supplies,civilian collection,and battlefield seizures could not provide a stable source of arms for the Eighth Route Army.The second chapter studies the development history of the Eighth Route Army’s military industry.Firstly,the establishment and development period of the military industry(1937—1941).During this period,the military industry of the Eighth Route Army realized the transformation from "scattered and sporadic" and "make do mend"to "with the scale of a modern large factory".Secondly,the period of dispersion and reduction of military industry(1942—1943).During this period,the military industry carried out various degrees of decentralization and streamlining in accordance with the policies of "centralized leadership","decentralized establishment of factories",and "refined troops and simplified administration" to overcome the crises brought about by "mopping up" and blockade.Thirdly,the period of adjustment and expansion of the military industry(1944—1945).During this period,the military industry seized the opportunity of a strategic counterattack to rapidly expand its production scale and increase its production capacity.The third chapter studies the source of elements of the Eighth Route Army’s military industry.Firstly,there are three main sources of machinery and equipment for the military industry:collecting,borrowing,and purchasing civilian equipment;machinery and equipment received or seized;and self—produced equipment.Secondly,there are three main sources of materials for the military industry:civilian collection of bullet casings,copper scrap,copper yuan,money,etc;establishment of coal mines,iron plants,chemical plants,etc,to produce raw materials on their own;and through secret transportation stations to purchase enemy—occupied materials.District raw materials.Thirdly,there are three main sources of military workers in the military industry:recruiting highly educated intellectuals to build a team of experts in military industry;establishing Taihang Industrial School to train their own technical personnel and management personnel;private recruitment of industrial workers from industrial and mining enterprises,and rural traditions Craftsmen.The fourth chapter studies the salient features of the Eighth Route Army’s military industry.One is flexibility.The changes and adjustments in production organization,military—industrial strategies,and emergency management are"changes in response to the situation" under the changing situation of the military—industrial war situation,reflecting the flexibility of the military—industry.The second is mass.The mass production movement,mass production competition movement,and mass explosion movement carried out by the military industry have overcome the economic,production,and security difficulties brought about by the enemy’s "mopping up" and have embodied the "mass nature" of the military industry.The third is innovation.The military industry has successively made many breakthroughs in munitions production,metallurgical technology,and chemical technology,which greatly enhanced the production capacity of the military industry and reflected the "innovativeness" of the military industry.The fifth chapter studies the role and influence of the Eighth Route Army’s military industry.One is to provide an important source of arms.The guns and ammunition produced by the military industry made up for the limitations of the National Government’s supply,seizures on the battlefield,and private collections,alleviated the shortage of guns and ammunition of the Eighth Route Army,and laid the foundation for the future military industry in terms of talents,technology,and organizational structure.The second is to promote the economic development of the base area.The Eighth Route Army has established a heavy industrial agglomeration covering coal,petroleum,lead ore,iron smelting,copper smelting,and chemical industries with the military industry as its core,as well as a light industrial agglomeration covering textiles,paper,bedding,printing,soap,matches,ceramics,and pharmaceuticals.Vigorously promoted the economic development of the base area.Third,accumulate industrial management experience.The "F actory Manager Responsibility System under the Leadership of the Party Committee","Trade Union System","Accounting System","Production Planning System","Economic Accounting System","Wage System","Work System",etc.formulated and implemented by the military industry,It not only improved the management efficiency of the military industry,but also laid the historical experience of institutionalized management for the subsequent military industry.The conclusion part summarizes the historical experience of the Eighth Route Army’s military industry during the war of resistance.His historical experience mainly includes the high—level attention and effective leadership of the Communist Party of China;emphasis on science and technology and re—use of intellectuals;gathering the power of the people to carry out mass movements;establishing rules and regulations and advancing institutionalized management;and carrying forward the spirit of military industry.