| In centuries history of China,the social security practice for Chinese people has lasted for thousands of years.With the social development,the security objects have been gradually expanded,the security measures have become increasingly diverse,and the security ideas have been constantly enriched.However,the social security system has never been established before the founding of the People’s Republic of China.From 1949 to 1956,comparing with other regions of the country,the northeast region had a better economic foundation and relatively developed heavy industry.In addition,after the outbreak of the War to resist U.S.aggression and aid Korea,locating at the forefront of the war,and the task of preferential care and placement in northeast china was extremely arduous,which promoted the rapid development of social security undertakings.A complete social security system,including social relief,social insurance,social welfare and social preferential care was established then,which laid the foundation for the later construction of the social security system.The study of the social security system in Northeast China during this period is of certain significance to enrich the study of the history of the Communist Party of China in Northeast China and improve the social security system in Northeast China.Under the guidance of Marxist theory,this paper adopts the methods of literature analysis and metrological historiography.It is divided into six chapters to make a comprehensive analysis of social security in Northeast China from 1949 to 1956.The first chapter follows the basic thought of the study of the history of the Communist Party of China,introduces the background of the topic,explains the theoretical and practical significance of the topic,focuses on the research results domestic and abroad.The research on social security in the early days of the founding of New China is fruitful,but the research on Northeast China is still insufficient and there is still further research space.No practice is a castle in the air.To study social security,we should first trace back to its source and explore its practical basis.From 1949 to 1956,the social security practice carried out by the people of Northeast China under the leadership of the Communist Party of China with the indispensable solid theoretical,historical and practical foundation.Chapters 2 and 3 revolve around this theme.It is considered that during this period,the party organizations in Northeast China persisted in taking Marxist social security thought(including Marx,Engels,Lenin and the social security thought of Chinese Communists during the period of the new democratic revolution)as the guidance,and was influenced by Chinese traditional social security thought.On the basis of the practice of social security during the Agrarian Revolution,the Anti-Japanese War and the War of Liberation,especially in the liberated areas of Northeast China,combined with the political situation in the early days of the founding of New China.The construction of a national heavy industrial base,the economic plan for agricultural cooperation and the situation of the War to resist US aggression and Aid Korea led the people to establish social security system under the condition of learning from the social security system model of the Soviet Union.In early days of the founding of New China,there was an urgent need to establish a social security system in Northeast China with the conditions for the establishment of social security.Chapter 4 and 5 are the core of this paper.Under the leadership of the Communist Party of China,governments at all levels in Northeast China did not clearly put forward the concept of "social security" from 1949 to 1956 with the imperfection of social security mechanism.However,social relief,social insurance,social welfare and social preferential care have been carried out.Diversified sources of funds,relatively systematic organizational system,extensive social mobilization and government,social and internal institutions as the main body of the supervision mechanism built up a social security system.Chapter 4 focuses on the operation of the social security system in Northeast China from 1949 to 1956.Under the framework of this system,all parts of Northeast China did their best to relieve the victims,the poor and the Korean war orphans,accept and transform the prostitutes and vagrants left over from the old society,focus on establishing a labor insurance system in enterprises and carrying out rich and colorful employee welfare,establish civil welfare for the lonely elderly,orphans,the disabled and mental patients in society,give preferential treatment to martyrs and disabled revolutionary soldiers,praise and care for revolutionary heroes,properly arrange people who had returned to their hometown,and so on,the rich content made the social security leap from the simple system construction level to the substantial system practice level.Chapter 5focuses on the main contents of social security in Northeast China from 1949 to 1956.On the basis of fully understanding the institutional structure and practical content,Chapter 6 elaborates the role of social security in Northeast China from 1949 to 1956,and holds that as far as political construction is concerned which consolidated the new regime by ensuring the basic livelihood of the masses,for economic construction,it improved the enthusiasm of workers,and then promoted the construction of the old industrial base in Northeast China;for military activities,it aroused the enthusiasm of the masses to join the army and participated in the war,and made an important contribution to the victory of the War to resist U.S.aggression and Aid Korea.As for the social security system itself,it constructed the basic framework of the social security system and accumulated valuable experience for the social security work of New China.On this basis,it sums up the experiences and lessons,combing with the current situation of social security in Northeast China.It is pointed out that we must adhere to seek truth from facts,ensure that social security adapting to social and economic development;adhere to the views of the masses,and oppose bureaucratic work style;adhere to self-reliance and overcome the idea of waiting.Everything has two sides.Generally speaking,the practice of social security in Northeast China from 1949 to 1956 was successful,but there were inevitably problems,such as the lack of stability and sustainability.Therefore,this paper adopts the attitude of criticizing and drawing lessons from the practice of social security in this period on the basis of overall affirmation. |
