| The Ming and Qing Dynasties belong to the period when the creation of regional landscape paintings was in vogue.In recent years,although considerable research has been done on the scenic paintings,especially in such culturally-developed regions as the ancient Wumen,Jinling,and Huizhou.Based on that,this paper attempts to take the further study of the Ming-and-Qing Wuyi landscape paintings devoid of attention in the present academia,and then confirm a close relationship between the creation of Wuyi landscape paintings and Wuyi’s culture,especially Zhuzi Neo Confucianism,which functions as the most remarkable feature to distinguish Wuyi landscape paintings from others.This paper contains following aspects: First,from the perspective of cultural geography,this paper is designed to systematically combine ancient Wuyi’s geographical landscape,history and culture,as well as relevant images and texts,and then discuss how the images of Wuyi landscape were created by the painters of Ming and Qing based on Wuyi landscape,previous images and texts.Second,this paper classifies,analyzes and explains the functions,styles and types of Wuyi landscape paintings in Ming and Qing,and then untangles their style paradigms and types of theme,and makes an in-depth study on the form,space and image of these paintings in order to probe into the functions of different paintings and image disparity represented by painters.Third,this paper discusses the theme and connotation of Wuyi landscape paintings,and then explores the internal clues between their themes and traditional landscape spirits as well as Confucian culture by further interpreting specific works.Fourth,from the angles of sociology and culture,this paper tries to trace cultural origin of Wuyi landscape paintings’ creation.The well-developed engraving industry in ancient Northern Fujian paves the way for the spread of Wuyi Culture.The Wuyi print images in local records serve as an important image source for painters to depict Wuyi.At the same time,the tourism bloom in Ming and Qing gave birth to the “study of landscape tours”.The paintings depicting Wuyi’s landscape were made to be traveling guides as well as the gifts of literati.More crucially,Zhuxi’s Neo Confucianism was established by Zhuxi whose landscape poem,Nine Gorges(Wu-yi Boating Songs),was seen as a text reference for Ming-and-Qing painters to depict Wuyi’s landscape.The reverence for Zhuxi,a neo Confucianist,and the graphic or spiritual expression of Nine Gorges endow Wuyi’s landscape paintings with distinctively Zhuxi’s cultural implications,thus producing a profound impact. |
