Spatio-temporal Characteristics And Optimal Regulation Of Coupling Between Urbanization And Basic Public Services In China

Urbanization,as an important geographical process on the surface of the earth,has become an important research field of man-land relationship.With the rapid development of urbanization,"Hu Huanyong" population boundary has become a hot topic again.Based on the theory of "man-land relationship regional system" in geography,this paper studies the spatio-temporal characteristics of coupling coordination between urbanization and basic public services in China,and discovers and interpreates the new scientific significance of "Hu Huanyong Line".In recent 20 years,the social resource effect caused by China’s rapid land urbanization and low-speed population urbanization has become increasingly significant,and it has become one of the crucial issues in the current study of regional coordinated development.Therefore,principal component analysis and PLS-SEM model were used to construct the urbanization and basic public service index system.Secondly,calculating the urbanization index,basic public service index and coupling coordination degree with weighted summation and coupling coordination degree model,and the results are classified by natural breakpoint method.Thirdly,the spatial Spillover effect of the coupling coordination degree between Urbanization and basic public services in China is explored by using spatial Markov chain model.Finally,the coupling coordination degree of urbanization and basic public services was studied by using multi-scale geospatial unit method,and the geographical detection factors were analyzed for each district.The research contents and results are as follows:(1)Urbanization and the construction of basic public service index system.Existing studies on urbanization and basic public service index system are mostly based on connotation and denotation,and few are considered from the perspective of statistics,and lack of a relatively unified and universal index system.Therefore,on the basis of following the connotation and denotation of urbanization and basic public service and statistical significance,19 urbanization and 25 basic public service measurement indexes are determined by principal component analysis and complex data table analysis.(2)Research on spatio-temporal characteristics of Urbanization in China.Since 2000,China’s urbanization has developed fastest with land urbanization,while the urbanization of economy,population and society has developed slowly.The mean values of land urbanization,economic urbanization,social urbanization and population urbanization are 0.619,0.141,0.065 and 0.050,respectively.In terms of provincial mean,economic urbanization has been higher than other three types of urbanization.The overall pattern of China’s urbanization is "high in the east and low in the west",and the trend of "north-south divergence" is presented.At the same time,the low and low concentrations are mainly concentrated in Qinghai,Xinjiang,Tibet and Sichuan and Yunnan,while the high concentrations are distributed in Shanghai and Jiangsu.(3)Spatial-temporal characteristics of Basic public services in China.Since 2000,China’s basic public services have developed fastest in terms of facilities,while medical and health services,cultural services,education services and social security have developed slowly and the gap is going smaller.Among them,the mean values of multi-year facility service,medical and health service,cultural service,education service and social security were 0.202,0.064,0.064,0.052 and 0.047 respectively.At the provincial average level,facility service is always higher than the other four types of public service.China’s provincial public services show a pattern of "high in the southeast and low in the northwest".At the same time,the low concentration is concentrated in Qingxinzang and Inner Mongolia,while the high concentration is distributed in Shanghai,Jiangsu and Henan.(4)Spatio-temporal characteristics of coupling coordination degree between Urbanization and basic public services in China.During the study period,the level of coupling coordination degree between urbanization and basic public services in 31 provinces and autonomous regions of China is seriously polarized and on the verge of imbalance.Meanwhile,the "Hu Huanyong" line is dominated by lagging urbanization in the southeast and coordinated development in the northwest.There is a significant "club convergence effect" in the level of coupling coordination degree.The coupling coordination degree of urbanization and basic public services at provincial level in China is mainly self-invariant and neighborhood invariant.The upward transfer trend of coupling coordination degree is not significant,and the spatial spillover effect is weak.(5)Analysis on the coupling coordination degree of Urbanization and basic public services in China and its regulatory factors.The coupling coordination degree of urbanization and basic public services in China can be divided into 4 regions,9sub-regions and 10 communities by means of multi-year weighted summing method.At the same time,NDVI and residents’ disposable income are the leading factors affecting the high coupling coordination between urbanization and basic public services in the eastern coastal area,which needs to strengthen regional ecological restoration,promote the construction of forest parks and urban green space.We will increase subsidies for urban and rural residents to raise their incomes.The average annual precipitation,industrial output value and the number of college students are the leading factors affecting the low coupling coordination between urbanization and basic public services in southern China,which needs to promote the construction of urbanization by combining regional resource advantages.Strengthen the construction of higher education and promote the proportion of students with high academic qualifications;Focus on promoting the high-quality development of regional industry.Slope,industrial output value and number of college students are the leading factors affecting the coupling coordination between urbanization and basic public services in northern China,which is lagging behind urbanization.Water supply facilities and infrastructure road network facilities need to be improved in this area.We will strengthen higher education.River network density,highway mileage,the amount of foreign capital actually utilized and the number of college students are the leading factors affecting the low coupling coordinated development of urbanization and basic public services in northwest China.Improving higher education and transportation facilities;We will do a good job in inland and border trade and promote high-level and coordinated development among regions.