The Dissemination Of Literature From The Mainland To Taiwan From Ming To Qing Dynasties（1603-1683）

The period from 1603 to 1683 was an important period when literature spread from the mainland to Taiwan.In the past studies on the history of Taiwan literature,most of them regarded the period of Zheng’s regime of Ming as the beginning of Taiwan literature.Some even thought that after Shen Guangwen entered Taiwan,there was literature in Taiwan.In the discussion of the beginning of Taiwan literature,scholars paid more attention to the study of scholars in the camp,but seldom mention the literary creation of Shi Lang and other scholars in the Qing Dynasty.In fact,the spread of literature to Taiwan during the Ming and Qing Dynasties was a long process,including not only the dissemination of cultural elites,but also the occurrence of folk literature.Using the research methods of communication,this paper investigates the characteristics of literature communication in this period from the following aspects: the era environment and path of communication,the subject and audience of communication,the content of communication,the mode of communication,the effect and influence of media,so as to view the occurrence of Taiwan Literature from a more macroscopic and comprehensive perspective,and supplement the deficiency of marine writing in the history of Chinese literature.The characteristics of literature communication are closely related to the environment,which is not only limited by the era environment（soft environment）,but also affected by regional environment（hard environment）.The clear description of Taiwan in the mainland began with Chen Di’s Dongfan Ji in 1603.In the context of the times,the period from the middle and late Wanli to the end of Ming Dynasty was the first time for the mainland to know Taiwan;the period of Southern Ming Dynasty was the period when literature moved to Taiwan;from Zheng Dynasty to the beginning of Qing Dynasty,literature took root in Taiwan;in 1683,the Qing government took back Taiwan.The changes of political and economic situation in these three periods had a profound impact on literary creation,and literary communication showed different features.Under the influence of regional environment（hard environment）,the spread of literature to Taiwan during the Ming and Qing dynasties had thecharacteristics of ocean and island.In the past,most of the literature in the history of Chinese literature was spread by land.During the Ming and Qing Dynasties,with the development of the sea by the government and the people,literature spread from the mainland to the sea,to Kinmen,Penghu and Tainan,and radiated from Tainan to other areas of Taiwan,reflecting the characteristics of land to sea and then to islands.The literati’s ocean life experience and the typical environment of the Taiwan Strait enrich the ocean writing in the history of Chinese literature.The social status and personal experience of the communication subject made one’s literary creation had distinct characteristics.The communication subjects at the upper level of the Zheng’s regime of Ming group included the literary creation of Zheng’s father and son and his aides,Zhu Yihai,king of Lu,king of Ningjing,Zhu Zhugui,and other officials of Ming and Zheng,such as Chen Yonghua.Their works reflected the courage of leaders,the determination to maintain the legitimacy of the Ming Dynasty and the reunification of the motherland,or truly recorded the history of the Zheng’s regime of Ming,which had the dual significance of literature and history.The literati groups who entered Taiwan,such as Shen Guangwen,Wang Zhongxiao,Lu ruotang,Xu Fuyuan,Shi Lang,Zhang Huangyan,etc.,recorded the changes of society and individuals with literary style,and expressed the aspirations of Ming Dynasty adherents in the turbulent times.Through the study of individual literati’s experience in Taiwan,the content of works and communication characteristics,we can explore the role of individual communication in communication activities.In addition,ordinary people who go to Taiwan are the main body of the spread of folk literature.The subject and the audience of literature communication have identity.The literati and the local people in Taiwan are both the main body and the audience of literature communication.The writers used rich styles to describe the life in Taiwan and express their feelings.The motifs of Taiwan’s classical literature creation,such as the sea and crossing the sea,war and turbulence,scenery and season,adherents and homesickness,female writing and so on,have been found in the history of Taiwan literature since the Ming and Qing Dynasties.These themes depict the natural and social features of Taiwan and people’s living conditions duringthe Ming and Qing Dynasties.They reflect the mentality of the mainland literati who arrived in Taiwan during the Ming and Qing Dynasties to cherish their hometown and cherish their memory of the motherland,as well as praise and praise of their new homeland and new life.In the process of literature spreading to Taiwan,written communication and oral communication are two main ways.Literati’s singing reward and association play an important role in promoting literary communication.In the folk,genealogy,folk belief stories,oral stories and drama activities carry important information of literature and culture.Official memorials are also special media to carry the content.These special ways of communication and media have continued to have an impact on Taiwan society until modern times.The short-term effect of literature spreading to Taiwan during the Ming and Qing Dynasties is reflected in the enhancement of the cohesion of the adherents of the Ming Dynasty,which improves the governance ability of the Ming Zheng group,and promotes the development of literature and the prosperity of society.The long-term effect is to form a long-term family,consanguinity consciousness and identity consciousness with the same root and origin as the motherland mainland.The influence of literary communication in this period reflects the characteristics of the coexistence of literary elegance and local culture,the coexistence of communication motivation and resistance,and the interweaving of inheritance and innovation of communication influence.It was also a long process of interaction and development of Chinese literature.The historical significance of this study lies in discussing the process of the mainland population flowing to Taiwan and its literary activities and influence during the Ming and Qing Dynasties,and exploring the deep causes of literary writing;the significance of literary history is to sort out the process of the beginning of Taiwan’s literature and supplement the deficiencies in the discussion of marine literature and island literature in Chinese literature;and the practical significance lies in revealing the Taiwan region and the mainland They should share the same root and the same origin in the deep level of the country,nationality and culture,so as to enhance the Taiwan compatriots’ sense of Chinese cultural identity and belonging.