The Study On Southern China Family Instructions And Rural Society In Late Imperial China

Since Late Imperial China,the function of family instructions has developed from the model family of supporting children and grandchildren to the generation model of treating the world with good medicine.Family instructions(family rules,rural conventions,rural rules,etc.)combine with rural autonomy and complement each other with laws,thus promoting the development of society.Focusing on Southern China Family Instructions and rural society(Southern China refers to the areas on the south of Five Ridges in China)and following the idea of " individual-family-clan-rural society",this paper explores the interactive relationship between Southern China family instructions and individuals,families,clans and villages in Late Imperial China,based on the family instructions preserved in Southern China works,biographies,genealogies,ancestral temples and stone tablets.In the introduction,the concepts involved in the article are defined.For the first time,the historical materials of Southern China family instructions in late imperial China Dynasties are comprehensively and systematically sorted out and studied,which not only enriches the connotation of Southern China culture and the treasure house of Chinese family instruction culture,but also has reference significance for individual cultivation,family construction and rural construction.The first chapter analyzes the breeding environment and basic characteristics of Southern China family instructions.Family instructions have been bred in a closed and open environment of Southern China,and their development are consistent with the development track of social factors in Southern China,such as politics,culture and economy.Southern China family instructions are characterized by general promotion,couplets and poems,and their contents are pragmatic,open and compatible.The second chapter discusses the relationship between Southern China family instructions and individual shaping.People are the basic motive force of social development,and the primary task of family instructions is to train people.In late imperial China Dynasties,Southern China family instructions were a continuous and stable family education,with benevolence,righteousness,propriety,wisdom and trust as the core,which shaped the excellent moral character of family members,and cultivated their personal skills in the aspects of "doing business,conducting politics,living and keeping healthy".And during that period Southern China family instructions attached importance to the cultivation of women's morality.Therefore,the touching phenomenon of widows caring for orphans in Southern China society is particularly prominent.The third chapter discusses the relationship between Southern China Family Instructions and family management.The family is the basic cell of society,and the country can be governed after the family is united together.Southern China family instructions focus on cultivating family virtues in loyalty,filial piety,docility,diligence,and accumulating good deeds,and cultivate family members'management skills and survival skills in career choice,property management,property use,and social relations handling,which fully demonstrates the foundation of Southern China family,the way to protect the family and the way to pass on the family.The fourth chapter discusses the relationship between Southern China family instructions and clan development.A clan is the basic unit of society and the foundation of social stability and development.Family instructions are the charter of all family behaviors,and Southern China family instructions are the key factors in the development,type transformation,internal management,long-term stability and other aspects of poetry and book families,official families and merchant families,and play a leading role in clan construction,cultural dissemination and economic development in Southern China society.The fifth chapter explores the relationship between Southern China family instructions and rural governance.Since the mid-Ming Dynasty,in order to realize the Confucian ideal of "reaching the countryside from home",the squires stranded in the local society have written family instructions,and the family instructions and laws are both exterior and interior.With the help of local people's beliefs,Southern China family instructions have realized the co-management of officials,and gentry and the rule of etiquette and law in Southern China rural areas,maintaining the stability of Southern China society and vigorously promoting the development of Southern China society.