A Moral Philosophical Study Of Moral Competence

Taking the universal moral law existence of Kantian ethics,this text proposes and proves the concept of "moral competence" in the sense of practical philosophy. And through the analysis of moral competence in moral practice, it gives a new understanding of moral, which shows that moral is the beautiful soul with reality and the state of "mean" in human action.There are two sections in this text, the one section answers "what is the essence of moral competence" in general (angel), the other answers "how a subject's moral competence comes ture by an'moderate'act "in specific.In section one,the text proposes the concept of moral competence, criticize the understanding of the moral, which from the realationship between the moral and moral competence. Meanwhile confronting with the problem of "the possibility about freedom" in Kant directly, the text questions closely the base of moral competence in metaphysics, clarifies a priori and a posteriori of moral competence, and how a will lay a foundation to the moral competence. Fourthermore, the text disciminates the concept of "moral competence" from a Narrow Definition and a Broad One. In meaning, the broad concept of moral competence is "to grow up" in a sense of ontology; The narrow concept of moral competence means the specific competence of "how to fulfill the moral reponsibility" in a sense of practice, and it focus on how to fulfill the moral law by the subject of free will(taking the universal moral law existence as the premise).In section two,taking the necessity and contingency, the text clarifies the effect of moral competence according to analysis of background,luck and so on in the specific moral action. There is congtigency in action.The purpose of free will require the actor not only cognize and judge its own competence rationaly, but also have the good motives and the spirit of taking on responsibility which causes the risk action. And the actor must choose a "moderate" action and achieve the real unification of "should do" and "can do". The actor can move towards to a saint, in the "moderate" practical way.Moral competence identifies that the change from the abstract to the concrete, the change from general to specific, the change from form to substance in moral. Precisely through the moral action,subject make the nature and freedom, the contigency and necessity,the subjectivity and objectivity unified.Moral is not just subjective spirit, still more practical competence,which denies,promotes unceasingly in the moral practice.