The Investigation Of Adipose-derived Stem Cell-based Cell Therapy In Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation And Its Effects On T Lymphocytes

Backgroud and objective: allorejection has been the major obstacle in vascularized composite allotransplantation(VCA),while the existing immunosuppressants may cause severe side effects,which breaks the risk-benefit ratio of VCA.Thus,reduing the dose of immunosuppressant as well as maintaining the immunosuppressive effect remains the priority of VCA.Cell therapy combined with immunosuppressants is one of the possible solutions,and that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs)used in clinical transplantation has been reported.Adipose-derived stem cells(ADSCs),kind of mesenchymal stem cells,have a greater source of field and is believed to more flexible than BMSCs in VCA application.However few researches exist to clarify the machenisms of the immunomodulatory effect of ADSCs.Thus,in our studies we will examine the changes in affected lymphocytes and we will review literatures to find out the possibility of clinical application of ADSC-based cell therapy in VCA and its concerns.Methods and results: Cell cycle,proliferation,apoptosis,inflammatory cytokine production as well as the expression of survival related proteins were examined in co-cultured T cells.In our study,human ADSCs suppressed the proliferation of Jurkat T cells and the expression of TNF-α and TGF-β1 at the transcriptional level.Co-culure with ADSCs also induced the apoptosis and increased JNK activation in T cells.Furthermore,in the review of literature,we found the problems involved in clinical application of ADSC-based cell therapy included the uncertainty about the timing,dosage and usage of ADSC-based cell therapy.Recent research involved the pre-treatment of allo-graft with BMSCs provided new prospective in cell therapy of VCA,and further studies are needed to investigate the application of ADSCs in VCA.Conclusion: ADSCs suppressed T cells viability in vitro,while further studies are needed to verify the effects of ADSCs in VCA.