Study On The Bioactivities Of Parathelypteris Nipponica (Franch.et Sav.) Ching And Parathelypteriside

Parathelypteris nipponica (Franch. et Sav.) Ching is a member of the family Dryopteridaceae which distributed in the southern provinces of China. Its entire plants have been used in folk medicine to treat inflammation, burn scald and haemorrhage. In spite of the very wide-spread use of Parathelypteris nipponica (Franch. et Sav.) Ching, few studies were carried out to support its ethnopharmacological use. Therefore, we did the investigation on the chemical constituents, antioxidant, free radical scavenging, anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective activity of the extract from Parathelypteris nipponica (Franch. et Sav.) Ching.Sixteen compounds were isolated from the whole plant of Parathelypteris nipponica (Franch. et Sav.) Ching by normal and reverse phase silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 gel column chromatography, and these compounds were identified as 4',6'-Dihydroxy-2'-methoxy-3'-methylchalcone (1),4',6'-Dihydroxy-3', 5'-dimethyl-2'-methoxychalcone (2), Galangin (3), Baicalein (4), Kaempferol (5), Kaempferol-3-O-?-D-rutinoside (6), Quercetin (7), Quercetin-3-O-?-D-glucoside (8), Rutin (9), Shikimic acid (10),3,4-Dihydroxyhenzoic acid (11), Hexacosyl alcohol (12), Hexadecanoic acid (13),?-amyrin (14),?-sitosterol (15),?-daucosterol (16), respectively, on the basis of physicochemical properties and spectral analysis. It were 9 flavonoids among these compounds, which shows that flavonoids occupy a major position in this herb, and it was play a key role in the pharmacological effects.In vitro test, the ethanol extract of Parathelypteris nipponica (Franch. et Sav.) Ching showed strong activities on reducing power, lipid peroxidation, DPPH radicals, superoxide anion radicals, hydroxyl radicals and hydrogen peroxide, and the activity in dose-dependent manner. In vivo study, the extract was evaluated for the hepatoprotective activity using hepatotoxicity induced by CCl4 in rat model and the extract was observed to exhibit hepatoprotective effect as demonstrated by a significant decrease in AST, ALT, ALP, and total bilirubin concentrations, and by preventing liver histopathological changes in rats. Moreover, the extract enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, GPx) and diminished the amount of lipid peroxide against the CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity in these animals. In assessing anti-inflammatory activity the carrageenan-induced rat paw oedema test was used, the extract reduced carrageenan-induced rat paw oedema in dose-dependent manner, achieving high degree of anti-inflammatory activity. In addition, the extract reduced the content of PGE2, MDA, NO and NOS in rats inflammatory tissue.In conclusion, the present study revealed that complementary activities of antioxidant activities, anti-hepatotoxic and anti-inflammatory of the ethanolic extract of Parathelypteris nipponica (Franch. et Sav.) Ching, may be related and mediated through its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities.Parathelypteriside (PG) is a stilbenoid compound extracted from Parathelypteris glanduligera (kze.) ching that has been widely used in the Orient as folk medicine to treat inflammation and burn scald. Stilbenoid compounds are mostly found in plants and many foods such as red wine, grape, peanut, mulberry. In the past 20 years, these natural stilbenoid compounds have received a great deal of attention owing to their biological properties, including antioxidative, radical scavenging, immunoregulation, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects. In previous research, we found PG showed a marked anti-oxidant and radical scavenging activities. Therefore, the neuroprotective effects of PG in PC12 cells exposed to H2O2 and animal models were investigated in this study. We found PG showed a marked cytoprotective effect in PC 12 cells exposed to H2O2, and our results demonstrated that PG increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes and reduced the level of lipid peroxidation in the hippocampus of D-galactose (D-gal)-treated mouse. Furthermore, the activation of CREB implicated in the development LTP might be involved in PG induced neuroprotection. Several studies showed that age-related LTP impairments in hippocampal area CA1 have been also attributed in part to this increase in ROS levels. Therefore, further studies should be done to elucidate their interaction in LTP between ROS and phosphorylation of CREB.In addition, recent advances in the research of antioxidant activities of natural products were reviewed with 93 references.