| Mastitis is not only refers to the local inflammation of breast tissue,but also includes inflammation of various breast physiological anatomical structures such as the nipple,acinus,and breast duct.Animal medicine defines mastitis as an inflammatory response caused by pathogenic infection,while human medicine also includes the inflammatory response caused by non-pathogenic infection.Mastitis is not only a common disease in humans,but also a huge threat to many mammals.Among them,mastitis of dairy cow is one of the most serious diseases,which causes huge economic losses to dairy farms.Microbial infection is the main cause of mastitis,including Staphylococcus aureus,Escherichia coli,Streptococcus dysgalactiae and Streptococcus uberis,etc.The treatment of mastitis is still based on antibiotics at present.However,The quality of milk and food safety are seriously affectd by the antibiotic residues in the milk.Therefore,it is great significance to find a safey and effective treatment.Lactobacillus rhamnosus Probio-M9(Probio-M9),isolated from the milk of healthy women,has exhibited promising gastrointestinal fluid tolerance and good bile salt tolerance,which can enter the human intestines in a living state.Probio-M9 has potential probiotic effects and is a candidate probiotic strain for regulating inflammation.The aim of this study was to investigate the treatment of Probio-M9 on mastitis and mechanism.Construct model of mastitis in rats induced by Staphylococcus aureus,after the intervention of the Probio-M9,the results of HE staining and immune factor detection of rats mammary tissue were used to evaluate the effect of Probio-M9 on mastitis of rats.Finally,combined with the analysis results of intestinal microbes and blood non-targeted metabolomics,the treatment mechanism of Probio-M9 on mastitis were explored,The main results are as follows:(1)HE staining results of mammary tissue in rats showed that the intervention of Probio-M9 can significantly reduce damage of breast tissue;the results of mammary immune factors in rats showed that after the intervention of Probio-M9,the content of IL-4,IL-1? and IL-6 were significantly decreased,The content of IFN-?,IL-10 and IL-2significantly increased.The above results show that symptoms of mastitis were relieved after the intervention of probio-M9.(2)The results of the intestinal microorganisms of rats showed that mastitis can significantly reduce the relative abundance of Lactobacillus murine,Lactobacillus reuters.While Enterococcus faecalis,Escherichia coli and other bacteria have significantly increased.After the intervention of Probio-M9,the relative abundance of Lactobacillus murinus,Lactobacillus johnsonii,Lactobacillus reuteri,Lactobacillus animalis are increased significantly,which enhanced the stability of intestinal flora.(3)The results of blood non-target metabolomics showed that mastitis caused the abnormality of metabolic pathway,such as Linoleic acid metabolism and glycerol phospholipid metabolism;the intervention of Probio-M9 positively regulate linoleic acid metabolism,glycerolipid metabolism,arachidonic acid metabolism,sphingoester metabolism,glutathione metabolism,phenylalanine metabolism and other pathways through the regulation of related metabolites.Studies have shown that the Probio-M9 improves intestinal stability by increasing beneficial intestinal bacteria,reducing harmful bacteria and conditional pathogenic bacteria,thereby regulate the content of palmitic acid,oleic acid and glycerophosphocholine in the blood,further inhibit the inflammatory response of mastitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus infection,further to alleviate the effect of mastitis.The results provides a new research method for the Probio-M9 to relieve mastitis,and also provides a theoretical basis for the development and utilization of Probio-M9. |
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