| 1.Evaluating spermiogenesis,stages of seminiferous epithelium and variations in seminiferous tubules during active states of spermatogenesis in Yangzhou goose ganders(Anser domesticus)This study elucidates steps of spermiogenesis and stages along with morphological changes in seminiferous epithilium of Yangzhou goose ganders.For assessment of stages of seminiferous epithilium cycle of yangzhou goose ganders,testis sections were embedded in epoxy resins.Initial steps of spermiogenesis were depicted by changes in acrosomic granules,whereas further stages were identified by nuclear morphological changes.Ten steps of spermiogenesis and nine stages of seminiferous epithilium were identified in Yangzhou goose ganders.Four types of spermatogonia Ad,Apl,Ap2 and B were recognized.Results depicted clear variation in Testis weight,body weight,diameter of seminiferous tubules(ST),Epithelium Height(EH),Luminal tubular diameter(LD),number of seminiferous tubules per field and Jonhsen’s score.Microscopy indicated that stages of seminiferous epithelium was same like other birds and mammals and Testis weight,ST diameter,EH,LD and Jonhsen’s score are positively correlated while number of seminiferous tubules per field is negatively correlated with Testis weight,ST diameter,EH,LD and Jonhsen’s score.Purpose of this study was to evaluate complete stages of spermiogenesis in adult Yangzhou goose ganders along with changes in seminiferous epithelium with the one set of spermatogenesis and analyzing some key histological parameters that depict changes in seminiferous epithelium in sexually matured and active phase if testis.2.Effect of inhibin immunization on testis weight,body weight,testosterone concentrations,Inhibin antibody titres and seminiferous tubules of Yangzhou goose gandersThe Present study was designed to investigate the potential role of immunization against inhibin on testicular development,body weight,testis/body weight ratio,plasma testosterone concentration.inhibin antibody titres,changes in seminiferous epithelium and numbers of spermatogonia,spermatocytes and spermatids in seminiferous tubules of Yangzhou goose ganders.For this purpose,A flock of Yangzhou ganders(n=60)at 161 days of age,having same genetic origin,were equally divided into groups A and B.The ganders in group B were immunized against inhibin α-subunit(1 mg/ml Inhibin;I/M)at age 161 followed by booster shots of inhibin at 181 and 209 days,whereas,group A(control)received BSA injection(IM)at age of 161,181 and 209 days.Blood samples were collected on days 161,181,190,200,209,225 and 227 by brachial venipuncture into heparinized tubes.Plasma was separated from the blood within 3 h of sample collection by centrifugation at 1000×g，and stored at-20℃ until analysis.Immunization against inhibin did not altered body weight,although testis weight elevated significantly on day 200.Testis/Body Weight ratio followed similar pattern as testicular weight.Throughout the experiment,inhibin antibody titers in the group A remained at the value of 0.1 of OD 450 nm,which was considered as the base noisy level of the assay.The testosterone concentration in both the groups showed similar pattern until the age of 209 days.However,after the 2nd booster injection,plasma concentrations of testosterone in group A elevated significantly from 2.5 ng/ml to 5.5 ng/ml(P<0.05)and remained higher till 227 days.In contrast,testosterone concentration dropped from 2 ng/ml to non-detectable levels in group B at age 225 days.The diameter of seminiferous tubules remain similar throughout the study period in both groups.The number of spermatogonia,spermatocytes and elongated spermatids changed in similar way in both groups.Only the number of spermatogonia remained higher in group A on day 181.3.The role of active immunization against inhibin a-subunit on genes expressions in testis,hypothalamus and pituitary glands in Yangzhou goose gandersThe present study was designed to investigate the potential role of immunization against inhibin on hypothalamus,pituitary,Ley dig and Sertoli cells genes in Yangzhou ganders.For this purpose,Yangzhou ganders,n=30 were divided into groups A and B.Group B ganders were actively immunized against inhibin a subunit,while group A ganders were immunized with bovine serum albumin(BSA),which served as control.Immunization against inhibin elevated testes weights.In addition,immunization against inhibin elevated GnRH,StAR,CYP11A1 and AMH mRNA transcription expressions as depicted by qRT-PCR.Furthermore,hypothalamic GnRH-I mRNA expressions were up regulated,while GnIH mRNA transcription expression showed reciprocal expression on day 227.LH-β mRNA transcription expression remained unaffected.In conclusion,our findings suggest that active immunization against inhibin affect spermatogenesis and testicular development through regulations of hypothalamic,pituitary and testicular genes expressions.4.Apoptosis mediated testicular regression induced by inhibin immunization in seminiferous epithelium of Yangzhou goose gandersThe present study was designed to investigate the potential role of immunization against inhibin on seminiferous epithelium diameter,Jonhsen’s score,epithelial height(μm),luminal tubular diameter(μm),number of seminiferous tubules per field and stages of seminiferous epithelium apoptosis in Yangzhou goose ganders testis.For this purpose,Yangzhou ganders,n=30 were divided into groups A and B.Group B ganders were actively immunized against inhibin α-subunit,while group A ganders were immunized with bovine serum albumin(BSA),which served as control.Diameter of seminiferous tubules(ST)and epithelial height were positively correlated at all days.While luminal tubular diameter was negatively correlated on day 227 to ST diameter and epithelial height.Number of seminiferous tubules per field was negatively correlated to ST diameter,EH and LD except on day 227.Immunization against inhibin elevated ST diameter,EH,LD while Jonhsen’s score and no.of ST/field had reciprocal expression.In conclusion our findings suggests that inhibin immunization caused apoptosis of germ cells in seminiferous epithelium and effects spermatogenesis of Yangzhou goose ganders... |
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