| Based on the preliminary results obtained from November of 2005 to May of 2006 in Longhua Huanshan orchard, a formal study was carried out from November of 2006 to May of 2010 in three orchards located in Longmen County of Guangdong Province. The results were summarized as follows:1. The natural maturation season of Nianju fruit was between late January and late February. During fruit on-tree storage, there was declining after rising in fruit TSS/TA, SSC/TA and VC, total soluble sugar and reducing sugar content while fruit titratable acid content declined. Fruit on-tree storage without treatment should be harvested in late March and the market time of Nianju fruit could be prolonged 30 days.2. The fresh fruits rate of on-tree storage was three times more than that of indoor storage. Fruit TA and TSS of late on-tree storage was lower than that of late indoor storage while fruit soluble sugar, SSC/TA and TSS/TA of on-tree storage was obviously higher than that of indoor storage.3. After fruits stored on tree, there was no influence on autumn and spring shoots growth and next year yield but the germination of next year spring shoots could be put off for 5-7 days. The fruit-setting rate of trees with fruits stored on tree was slightly higher than that of those without fruits. It was found that on-tree storage did not influence the yield of next year.4. The mineral elements such as N, Ca, Mg, Mn and B of leaves from trees with fruits stored on tree were approaching to those without fruits stored on tree. Thus on-tree storage had no obvious influence on main physiological and biochemical regulation and matter synthesis. Stable isotope 15N-urea was applied on leaf surface to investigate nitrogen allocation during on-tree storage. The results showed the nitrogen transformed from old leaves to new shoots was far more than that to fruits. The inherent organic distribution did not change during storage on tree. All these explained that storage on-tree had no effect on the next year yield from nutrition point of view.5. The fruit quality on P. trifoliate was better than that on C. limon. The SSC, VC, reducing sugars and total soluble sugar of fruits on P. trifoliate were more than those on C. limon while TA of fruits on P. trifoliate was less than that on C. limon. The on-tree storage time of fruit on trifoliate orange was 30days longer than that on lemon. 6. Treatments with 30mg/L GA3,20mg/L 6-BA,30mg/L 6-BA, or 20mg/L GA3+ 20mg/L 6-BA delayed fruit color break, reduced the growth in weight and longitudinal diameter, slowed the decreasing in Vc and titratable acid content and consequently delayed the peak time of reducing sugar, sucrose and total soluble sugar. Application of growth regulators could extend the harvest season to late April and, sometimes, even to may 10th. The best extension effect was obtained from three consecutive sprays of 30mg/L GA3 in late November, late December and late January. The second one was three sprays of 30mg/L 6-BA at the corresponding times. On-tree storage treated by growth regulators did not influence the yield of next year.7. Rain-shelter cultivation had good on protecting fruits from freezing, improving fruit quality and prolonging the time of fruits on-tree storage. The freezen fruit rate under rain-shelter cultivation was 50.6% lower than that under open-field cultivation in 2009 while fresh fruit rate under rain-shelter cultivation was 2.2 times more than that under open-field cultivation in 2008. The fresh fruits under the same condition contained higher soluble solid and sugar content than that under open-field cultivation. The fruits under this condition could be stored on tree until late April to early May. |
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