Research On The Development Of Public Cultural Buildings In Hunan

Public cultural buildings are invested with public lives and are important windows to show the image of a city.Under the circumstances of globalization and China's sustained economic growth,the pursuit of spiritual lives are enhanced along with the material lives' improvement.The goal of building a powerful cultural province made a constant increase of public cultural buildings in the city.However,there are more deficiencies and possibilities of improving in the interaction with city,the experience of space and content,cultural connotation and the quality presented.Drawing lessons from history is a good way to know and learn.By studying the historical evolution of public cultural buildings in Hunan and establishing a more comprehensive and objective understanding of it,the nature and connotation of those buildings will be revealed and provide a base for future design and strategy.Now there are limited studies on the development of Hunan public cultural buildings.Therefore,the study aims at sorting the evolution of public cultural buildings in modern Hunan province comprehensively and systematically,filling the blanks in the field and being a basis of further research.The thread running through the study is the development of Hunan public cultural buildings from 1899 till now.Four periods are divided according to the leading factors or background.According to various political,economic,cultural and technological factors in various periods,the paper analyzes the representative public cultural buildings in Hunan.It systematically and deeply analyzes the development of the public cultural buildings in Hunan,as well as the design tendencies and the mechanism behind them.On the whole,the public cultural buildings in Hunan are developing continuously and making breakthroughs in diversity.However,influenced by the level of economic and cultural development,the public cultural buildings in Hunan are still in a low overall level under the trend of development,and there is still a gap compared with the developed regions such as the Southeast coast.By horizontal comparison and taking the status quo of the industry into consideration,the factors affecting the development of the public cultural architecture in Hunan are deeply analyzed,and the impact on future development is considered.By further case comparison,the problems at present are clearly presented.Based on practical problems,the paper proposes an optimization strategy for the development of contemporary public cultural architecture in Hunan.Chapter 1: the theoretical system.It is composed of the selection of the topic,the significance of the study,the overall circumstances of Hunan province,the content and the boundary of the object,the time span of the object studied.Based on the overall review of the object,a research method of combining historical study and the designing practice is put forward.The holistic framework of the study is illustrated.Chapter 2 to chapter 5: the development of public cultural buildings of Hunan province in four periods is traced back and reviewed.After analyzing its background and effective factors,the targeted cases are summarized and discussed based on the main thread of the change in the development and creation of public cultural buildings in Hunan.Chapter 2 relates the embryo of Hunan public cultural buildings during the upsurge stage of public buildings in Hunan under the preface of the fighting period.Those buildings are represented by a group of public libraries which is influenced by the cultural sharing and some memorial buildings.Chapter 3 consists the overview of the public cultural buildings with political elements from the foundation of New China in 1949 to the Opening up in 1978.During this period,the design of Hunan's public cultural buildings went through the early continuous development of the traditional formal “big roof”,to the later continuous exploration of the simple style national form and Hunan's regional architectural style.Despite the setbacks in the special era,it still moved forward.In addition,the two types of public cultural buildings in this period,including the revolutionary monumental museum with local characteristics of Hunan and the workers' cultural palace with distinctive characteristics of that time,are also specifically discussed.The fourth chapter analyzes that in the 20 years after the reform and opening up,the economy is developing steadily and the culture is gradually opening up.Under such opportunities,the number of public cultural buildings in Hunan is growing faster and the size larger than before,but due to economic conditions,there were rarely high-quality public cultural buildings,instead,the overall development was extensive and gradual.Still,there were some relatively good public cultural buildings.In this chapter,the design methods of libraries influenced by modernism and the museums succeeding traditional architectural culture are summarized and evaluated.In Chapter 5,the composite development trend of the public cultural buildings is analyzed,under the background of economic globalization,and cultural transformation in 21 st century.With the change of people's living style,the function of public cultural buildings is expanded,and the construction upsurges.The composite development trend shows in the functional expansion and complex,the spatial ambiguity and complex,as well as the clustering model in organization.In addition,the diversified design methods used by the domestic architects and the pros and cons in the practice of foreign architects in Hunan are analyzed with examples.In chapter 6,the development in the four periods are reviewed.Through the studies in indirect reasons such as Hunan's geographical location,economic development and cultural background and direct reasons such as the architectural designing market in Hunan,designing institution and architects,restrictions in the development of Hunan public cultural buildings are probed combining with the comparison with developed areas so that reveals status quo in Hunan and the gap between Hunan and the developed areas.Based on the findings,the problems and shortcomings in Hunan public cultural buildings are summarized.Integrated with the context of the development in Hunan,a feasible development strategy is proposed for the existing problems,which provides a basis and reference for the construction and creation of public cultural buildings in Hunan.The planning and construction should define the characteristic identity,improve the network layout,focus on planning first,and establish a public participation system and a multi-evaluation system.The architectural design should return to the building itself,pay attention to urban life and adhere to sustainable design concepts.In the aspect of architectural education and practical circumstance,appropriate suggestions for improvement are also given.