Research On Authentication And Data Privacy-Preserving Technology In Vehicular Networking Applications

In recent years,the passenger transport and logistics industry have grown rapidly.The further development of vehicle networking has attracted attention in both academia and the industry.In several vehicle networking applications,there is always a two-way demand for identity authentication and user privacy awareness,which means that networking applications expect to collect more user identity information for tracking and authentication(such as transactions,traffic information,and route preferences),while the user itself is often reluctant to disclose information because of privacy awareness.Therefore,on the one hand,it leads to the lack of user response enthusiasm in the vehicle network.On the other hand,without authentication,adversaries' attacks are easier to be implemented.All these problems are urgent to be solved in vehicular networking applications.As a distributed ledger scheme of networks,the blockchain technology supports two anonymous nodes to build trust and communicate without exchanging identity information completely,which does enable a two-way demand for identity authentication and user privacy awareness.However,due to the requirements of management and efficiency,the existing public blockchain network cannot be directly deployed in the vehicle system since it will bring security risks,such as fraud,money laundering,and other issues.Therefore,the specific scheme and protocol need to be designed according to the actual situation of the vehicle network.This thesis summarizes the vehicular network into a three-tier structure.The top layer is the management layer,which can manage critical events,and it has the ability to authenticate and provide access to public services.The middle layer is the operation layer,which is a communication network composed of vehicles and road-side-units.The operation layer is usually an ad hoc network.The bottom layer is the maintenance layer,which can involve the operation system at any time when there is a failure in the vehicle network.This thesis aims to exist privacy and security issues in the current vehicle networking applications and specifically proposes the privacy-preserving scheme,authentication,secure transaction,endorsement,and the incentive scheme by using blockchain,and cryptography technology,and applies them to different vehicle networking applications,such as charging network,vehicle traffic announcement network,connected vehicles and so on.Specifically,the following aspects are included:(1)First,this thesis proposes a conditional privacy-preserving authentication system for smart electric vehicle,which applies for the charging network.A conditional privacy-preserving signature algorithm is proposed with an energy transaction structure and consensus protocol based on Blockchain.By using the conditional privacy-preserving signature algorithm,the proposed system not only protects the vehicle transaction with temporary identity for anonymity and location privacy,also ensures that the real identity of the problematic transaction can be traced by the emergency response department.The transaction structure and designed signature algorithm can achieve conditional privacy-preserving without increasing the time cost.Through simulations,the proposed system design can meet the requirements of user privacy,authentication,and efficiency in the charging network.(2)Second,this thesis proposes the information incentive mechanism in vehicle networking,and it leverages in vehicle announcement network.In this part,an aggregate signature algorithm is proposed to ensure the privacy of the traffic announcement message and it enhances the message integrity at the same time.Furthermore,the designed incentive mechanism based on blockchain is also proposed to work along with the vehicle announcement network.The incentive mechanism can dynamically record the increase/decrease of the vehicular reputation points and encourages the vehicle to send messages,which solves the two-way demand for identity authentication and user privacy awareness.The efficiency of the network is also improved by simulating the map of the actual urban area.(3)Third,this thesis proposes an anti-fraud endorsement scheme,which is applied in the payment system in the connected vehicle network.The proposed scheme designs a threshold signature algorithm and the unique script information structure in the digital currency.The designed transaction can be endorsed and applied in the connected vehicular network to strengthen privacy-preserving capabilities such as anti-fraud,while it does not change the public blockchain structure.The designed scheme does not need additional authorized parties and is fully compatible with the existing public blockchain and the connected vehicle network.Through the above research,the proposed system protects privacy information and effectively prevents attacks from adversaries,while processing the authentication and data.Further,it also enables traceable sources of information networking,encourages users to share data,and achieves secure anti-fraud.It provides effective support for the next generation of car-to-people,car-to-road,car-to-car communication applications in the vehicular network.