| Energy storage technology has been recognized as one of the most effective ways to solve the large-scale renewable energy accommodation problem and to improve the operation economy and safety of power systems.It is called the supporting technology for the next energy revolution.Among various energy storage technologies,Advanced Adiabatic Compressed Air Energy Storage(AA-CAES)has aroused much attention due to its merits of large scale,long lifetime,low cost,environmentally friendly,and multi-energy generation/storage capability.In recent years,many countries in the world have launched several research programs for studying the AA-CAES technology,and many AA-CAES demonstration plants have been established.The successful operation of these demonstration plants greatly promotes the application process of AA-CAES technology in power systems and multi-energy systems.However,the AA-CAES technology is still in the stage of demonstration.The modelling and operation methods for gridscale applications are not mature enough,and there is an urgent need for further research and improvement.Therefore,the research works in this paper mainly focus on three aspects,including the dynamic modelling technology,the economic evaluation method,and the optimal scheduling strategy of AA-CAES.The main contents are as follows:(1)To solve the dynamic simulation problem of AA-CAES,a dynamic simulation modelling method of the MW-scale AA-CAES system was established in this paper.This method can lay a solid foundation for studying the dynamic characteristics of MW scale AA-CAES systems.Firstly,based on the actual configuration of the 1.5 MW AA-CAES demonstration plant in China,the dynamic models of the key components in the AA-CAES system were formulated.Then,the simulation modules of the key components were established,and the AA-CAES system dynamic simulation toolbox was developed.After that,the accuracy and effectiveness of the modules were validated through the experimental data.Finally,based on the developed dynamic simulation toolbox,the dynamic simulation model of AA-CAES was established,and the dynamic simulation analysis of the whole process of the system was carried out.In addition,facing the microgrid application scenarios,the dynamic characteristics of the MW scale AA-CAES system’s power generation process were analyzed in detail,and based on the results of the analysis,the technical feasibility of using the AA-CAES system as an emergency backup power source in the microgrid was further analyzed.(2)For the economic estimation problem of the AA-CAES system,an economic evaluation method of the AA-CAES system considering energy management and emergency reserve capabilities was proposed.The proposed method was then applied to evaluate the economic benefits of AA-CAES in island microgrids.It has a guiding significance for enlarging the application fields of MW scale AA-CAES systems.Firstly,the operational constraints of AA-CAES for typical day scheduling were established.After that,the economic estimation method of AA-CAES was proposed,and the economic analysis was conducted based on the data from the islanded microgrid.The simulation results indicated that the island microgrids with rich wind or solar resources,high fuel prices,low power supply reliability,and long failure recovery time could be advantageous application scenarios for AA-CAES technology.(3)For the optimal scheduling problem of the power system with AA-CAES,a joint energy and reserve day-ahead scheduling method for the power system with AA-CAES was proposed.The reserve characteristics of AA-CAES are considered in detail in this method,and the generation schedules and reserve schedules can be formulated simultaneously.Firstly,the reserve constraints of AA-CAES were established,considering the influence of operation modes,dynamic characteristics,operation states,pressure,and heat storage constraints on AA-CAES’s regulation capability.On the basis of this,the joint energy and reserve day ahead scheduling model was established considering the coordination of AA-CAES,thermal power units,and wind power.As the variation range of the AA-CAES plant reserve capacity is not continuous,the lower limit constraint of thermal power units purchased reserve capacity was introduced in the model,in order to make the system reserve capacity continuously adjustable.The simulation results indicated that,providing reserve could be an important source of revenue for AA-CAES plants.In addition,the wide-range operating performance of AA-CAES plants has a large impact on its reserve capability.(4)For the real-time dispatch problem of the power system with AA-CAES,a power system real-time dispatch strategy considering the off-design characteristics and power regulation uncertainty of AA-CAES was proposed.This strategy can accurately reflect the operation status of AA-CAES generators,and can simultaneously optimize the generation schedules of the system dispatch resources in the real-time dispatch stage and the participation factors in the Automatic Generation Control(AGC)stage.Firstly,the off-design characteristics of AA-CAES were analysed,the operation constraint model,which can reflect the off-design characteristics of AA-CAES,was established.Then,considering the uncertainty of the power regulation of the AA-CAES power plant in the Automatic Generation Control(AGC)stage,an AGC constraint model for the AA-CAES plants was formulated.On the basis of this,a real-time dispatching model of the power system with the AA-CAES plant was proposed.In the model,the system AGC capacity demand,the AGC regulation rate demand,and the AGC regulation task demand were considered.Finally,the effectiveness of the dispatching model was verified through the simulation results;at the same time,the necessity of considering AA-CAES off-design characteristics in real-time dispatching was also reflected through the simulation results.(5)For the optimal scheduling problem of the multi-energy system with AA-CAES,a multi-energy system scheduling strategy considering the operation characteristics of AA-CAES in the cogeneration of cooling,heating,and power was proposed.This strategy can accurately quantify the heat storage state,heating capacity,and cooling capacity of AA-CAES power stations in various periods and realize the coordinated optimization of cold,heat,and electricity.Firstly,the operation characteristics of AA-CAES in the scenario of combined cooling,heating and power generation were analyzed.Then,considering the temperature dynamic change process of the heat carrier medium,a combined cooling,heating and power dispatching constraint model for the AA-CAES was established.After that,the piecewise linear approximation method and binary technique were used to decouple the solving process of the temperature and mass of the heat-carrying medium in the heat storage.Thus,the complex nonlinear constraints in the scheduling constraint model were transformed into their approximate linear expressions.Based on this,considering the characteristics of combined heating,cooling and power of AA-CAES,an optimal dispatching model of the micro-integrated energy system with AA-CAES was constructed.Finally,the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed models were verified. |
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