Study On Low Recoil Firing And Vibration Control Technology Of Small-caliber Automatic Gun

By taking several small-caliber automatic gun systems in scientific research projects as the research object,an investigation was focused on the low recoil launch and the barrel vibration controlling of weapon system firing automatically.Combining the theory of multi-body dynamics,gun internal ballistics,and the gas dynamics,the research was carried out on the mechanism of the low recoil launch of the small-caliber automatic gun system,the force of the frame and the key influencing factors of the vibration control of the gun barrel,in order to solve the problem of large recoil and severe vibration of the barrel when the weapon system is launched.The main research contents are as follows:(1)According to the structural characteristics and launching principle of a small-caliber automatic gun,considering the elastic deformation of the barrel and the bracket,a dynamic model of the rigid-flexible coupling multi-body system of the gun firing automatically is established.The law of recoil movement and the recoil force was obtained by numerical calculation under the condition of single firing and the automatic firing,the recoil movement and recoil law are in good agreement with the test results.It is found that different firing rates have a great influence on the recoil law.The matching relationship between the friction damping buffer parameters and firing rates the recoil force is proposed.If the automatic gun firing rate is matched reasonably with the parameters of friction damping buffer,the recoil of small caliber automatic gun can be effectively reduced.(2)A high-efficiency reducing recoil technique that properly matches the muzzle brake with the friction damping buffer is proposed,which greatly reduces the recoil of the automatic gun firing automatically.The model of rigid-flexible coupling multi-body dynamics of small caliber automatic gun was established.Through the simulation calculation,the recoil of the automatic gun was significantly reduced,and the theoretical calculation curve was basically consistent with the experimental curve.It is concluded that only the muzzle brake is reasonably matched with the friction damping buffer,the recoil of small caliber automatic gun can be largely reduced.(3)Combining the "orthogonal experimental design" with the "N-dimensional M-order orthogonal polynomial numerical approximation",the parameters matching muzzle brake with the friction damping buffer is optimized,and the optimal solution parameters of muzzle brake and friction damping buffer are obtained.The combination of these two optimization methods can solve the optimal solution of the design scheme more conveniently,quickly and accurately for the complex mathematical model established.It is an optimal method that is a relatively small amount of calculation but a high precision of the optimal solution.(4)A new type of time-delay nozzle gas flow reverse thrust recoil device was proposed and designed.It was matched with various muzzle brake and analyzed.The internal ballistic equations with variable mass and the basic motion equation of gunpowder gas with variable mass are derived.The multi-body dynamics mathematical model of time-delay nozzle device is established.The influence of the time-delay nozzle gas flow reducing recoil device on the brake efficiency of the muzzle brake is analyzed.(5)A compound reducing recoil technique that combined the muzzle brake,the device of the time-delay nozzle gas flow reducing recoil and the friction damping buffer is proposed.A model of rigid-flexible coupling multi-body dynamics of small caliber automatic gun was established.After simulation analysis and experimental verification,the calculated result curve is basically consistent with the test curve.The compound reducing recoil technique that combined the muzzle brake,the device of the time-delay nozzle gas flow reducing recoil and the friction damping buffer can effectively reduce the recoil of the automatic gun.(6)A technique using the force couple that was formed by nozzle gas flow thrust to control synchronously the vibration of the gun barrel is proposed,and a technique of vibration controlling of the gun barrel by the double-function nozzle with low recoil and vibration controlling is proposed.The horizontal thrust momentum of the nozzle gas flow can effectively reduce the recoil,and the kinetic couple formed by the vertical thrust of the nozzle can effectively control the vibration of the gun barrel.Since the recoil is the main excitation force for the vibration of the barrel,reducing the recoil of the weapon barrel can be also possible to achieve the purpose of vibration controlling of the gun barrel.(7)A new technology of self-adaptive super-high velocity projectile propulsion for gun barrel weapons is proposed,which can significantly increase the projectile initial velocity of conventional gun barrel weapon.This technology can greatly increase the projectile velocity of the gun barrel weapon while maintaining the maximum pressure without increasing.It is a feasible new principle for super high velocity projectile propulsion.The compound reducing recoil technique that combined the muzzle brake,the device of the time-delay nozzle gas flow reducing recoil and the friction damping buffer is applied to the super high initial speed gun barrel weapon.It is shown by the simulation results that the compound reducing recoil technique can effectively make recoil of the super high velocity automatic gun significantly reduced.Through the research of the above key problems,this paper finally forms a set of research methods to adapt to the low recoil launch and gun barrel vibration controlling of small caliber automatic gun system.It will provide a technical support for the development of a new generation of small caliber automatic gun with high initial velocity,high precision,low recoil and light weight.