Study On The Evolution And Renewal Of Mongolian Yingtun In Western Liaoning

In the Qing Dynasty,the Karaqin tribe of the Mongolian nationality in Western Liaoning Province built many defensive camps in the jurisdiction of the left-wing Mongolian Autonomous County of Karaqin in Western Liaoning Province to guard the Yamen Prefecture of Zazak.With the changes of times and social development,after the end of the defensive mission,these Mongolian camps and villages realized the transition from "military villages" to"civilian villages" in a gradual way,and the Mongolian people in the camps and villages also changed from "military and civilian villages" to settlement farming.After years of scouring,the Yingtun of these Mongols has shown obvious different evolution up to now:Some Yingtuns are no different from the local Han villages from the inside to the outside;while others still retain some characteristics of defensive camp,especially the"Haiqing Gere" traditional dwellings in Yingtun.It has become a landscape in the countryside of western Liaoning today.While attracting a lot of attention from the outside world,it also absorbs more development energy.In recent years,Yingtun,which is relatively concentrated in Haiqing Gere houses,has been nominated as "villages with Chinese ethnic characteristics"by the relevant state departments,and has become a valuable sample of the diversity of residential buildings in northern China.This study takes Yingtun and Haiqing Gere dwellings of Mongolians in western Liaoning Province as the objects.Based on the field investigation and literature review,this paper makes an in-depth study on the historical evolution,architectural characteristics,operation mechanism and renewal strategy of the Mongolian settlement in the west of Liaoning Province by using"Niche" theory of modern ecology,place theory of architecture,and the narrative theory.Expand the research scope of Mongolian dwellings.This paper consists of six chapters to study and discuss,and uses the typical case analysis method to select four Yingtuns with different shapes and structures,respectively,to analyze the evolution of differences,the adjustment of operation mechanism and the practice of renewal,and to reveal the law and logic of the evolution and renewal of Yingtun.It is noted that the regulation of ecological niche(natural and social)is the most important factor to restrict the evolution of Yingtun.It not only leads to the differences and imbalances in the evolution of Yingtun,but also restricts the renewal basis,energy absorption and advance range of Yingtun at present.This study also reveals some problems in the current Yingtun renewal.According to the survey,due to the lack of systematic planning and professional guidance,the renewal of some villages in recent years shows a trend of arbitrary disorder and extensive development.This has caused or is causing irreversible impact and destruction on the sustainable development of Yingtun.These problems and chaos need planning and guidance from qualified organizations.In a sense,it is urgent for architecture to enter the site to make up for its position.This paper explores the implicit meaning of "place" in Yingtun.Yingtun is the materialization and carrier of the history and culture of Mongolia farming in western Liaoning.Haiqing Gere residence has become an essential mark to distinguish "my group" and "other group" of local Mongolians.It has the attribute and value of "double heritage".It is of profound significance to protect and renew them.The research focuses on "modeling" the renewal of Yingtun and making feasible strategies.The biggest problem of the renewal of the Mongolian camp is the strong endogenous demand,and the lack of renewal theory and strategy.It is estimated that the renewal of Yingtun should be classified and positioned according to the specific location conditions and resource endowments of Yingtun.The spirit reconstruction of "place" and the ecological renewal are juxtaposed,and the development strategy of "taking advantage of the potential development"or "dislocation competition" is implemented,taking the enrichment of national tradition and the excavation of settlement connotation as the development direction.In the specific implementation,the dynamic framework of "multiple factors" can be constructed to promote the achievement of goals.This study also has enlightenment and reference significance for the renewal of fresh regional traditional villages with historical and cultural connotation.