Research On Forest Ecological Services Function And Its Tourism Economy Influences Of Pan-Western-Hunan

Pan-Western-Hunan is an important forest ecological function area and economy underdeveloped area in southern China.Due to the contradiction between regional economy growth and ecological environment protection,it is urgent to seek the coupling contribution mechanism between forest ecological benefits and tourism economy.The thesis evaluated the tourism economy impact of forest ecological service function from the attribute characteristics and space-time dimension of forest ecological service function,to realize the overall optimization and coordinated development of forest ecological benefit and tourism economy.Under the guidance of forest management,forest ecology,tourism economys and value growth theory,based on the forest resources and tourism economy data of counties,the paper constructs a comprehensive evaluation system of tourism economy impact of forest ecological service function,using improved entropy method,monetary value method,coupling analysis method,tourism economy contribution model and tourism economy performance.The evaluation of forest ecological service function and tourism economy impact of counties in Pan-Western-Hunan was systematically carried out.The results show that:(1)The index is reasonable and the content is comprehensive.“Man-landrelationship”theoretical framework based on forest ecosystem and tourism economy system,,the paper constructed seven indicators of forest ecological services,including water conservation,soil conservation,carbon fixation and oxygen release,nutrient accumulation,atmospheric environment purification,biodiversity protection and forest landscape,as well as GDP,added value of the tertiary industry,total tourism revenue,tourism revenue's proportion in GDP,number of tourists,accommodation,catering and retail sales,tourism scenic highway,tourism development and so on Based on the evaluation system,a coupling model,contribution and performance model are further established to systematically evaluate the tourism economy impact of forest ecological services in Pan-Western-Hunan.(2)The main stand types,forest management unit types and area are the important factors affecting the value of forest ecological services.The paper systematically evaluated the forest ecosystem service function value of 10 forest types,7 forest ecosystem service function types and 7 forest management units in 24counties.It is found that Chinese fir forest,masson pine forest,three Chinese fir forest,other broad-leaved forest,economy forest and shrubbery are the main contribution forests.Shrubbery,other broad-leaved forest and Chinese fir forest have great service value,and play different service functions in different periods and counties.The average annual value of forest ecological services is 72.545 billion yuan,with an average value of 3.023 billion yuan per county.The order of forest ecosystem service function value is carbon fixation and oxygen release,water conservation,forest landscape,biodiversity protection,nutrient accumulation,soil conservation and atmospheric environment purification.The value of middle-aged forest and young forest is higher than that of artificial forest.The order of annual average functional value of different forest management units is as follows:3A level and above tourist attractions,state-owned forest farms,National Forest(wetland)park,nature reserves,national key rural tourism poverty alleviation villages,villages with Chinese minority characteristics,and cultural relics protection units.The counties with large areas of 3A and above tourist attractions,state-owned forest farms and national forest(wetland)parks also have great value of forest ecological services.1995-2015,the value of forest ecological services increased by 1.7054 million yuan/hm~2,with an average annual growth of 85 300 yuan/hm~2,and the county increased by 71 100 yuan/hm~2.There are 20 counties with value increase,but the value increase is not balanced in different periods and counties.Therefore,it is an important measure to promote the overall transfer of forest ecological service function in high value area and middle high value area to strengthen the cooperation and classification guidance of forest management in county.(3)The coupling distribution of different forest ecosystem service function attributes and spatial-temporal dimensions is affected by their functional differences.The coupling model effectively simulated the complex relationship between forest ecological service function and tourism economy impact,and found that the coupling value of each county is quite different.The coupling degree index increased from 0.34to 0.49,and the coupling coordination coefficient increased from 0.19 to 0.50,indicating that the coupling between the two areas tends to be strengthened and stable.Among them,the functional types of water conservation and soil conservation and the tourism landscape functions of mature forest and natural forest have a great impact on the coupling and coordination relationship between them.Influenced by the spatial differentiation of forest ecological service function value,the coupling degree is very significant,with 18 counties,20 counties changing from low coordination area to high coordination area,and the coupling pattern changing from overall situation to“high in the north and South and low in the middle”.(4)The coupling and coordination of forest and tourism further affect the tourism economy contribution of forest ecological service function.The tourism economy contribution model shows that carbon fixation,oxygen release and water conservation are the main tourism economy contribution functions of forests.The contribution of each age group to tourism economy is different in different counties.The tourism economy contribution of natural forest is greater than that of plantation,and the tourism economy contribution of 3a and above scenic spots is the largest.The average value of tourism economy contribution of forest ecological service function is 1?8.91 yuan.The county geographical location,the coupling development level of the two and the degree of tourism development are the important factors that affect the tourism economy contribution of forest ecological service function.(5)The tourism economy performance model shows that the county with rich forest types,diverse forest management units,high coupling coordination degree,great contribution to tourism economy and obvious tourism economy performance has a greater impact on tourism economy.By using the shift share analysis method,this paper estimates the deviation degree of the tourism economy performance of the forests from the GDP growth.It is found that water conservation,soil conservation,carbon fixation and oxygen release,and nutrient accumulation are the basic functions of the forest ecosystem,while purifying the atmospheric environment,protecting biodiversity and forest landscape value highlight the tourism economy impact function of the forests.The deviation index and gradient index are constructed to divide different types of counties with different tourism economy performance advantages and gradients.In the counties where forest contributes a lot to tourism economy,its tourism economy performance is relatively stable.Therefore,the county forest and tourism should be classified guidance,according to the county policy,scientific management of natural forest,mature forest and main forest management units,in order to narrow the difference of forest tourism economy performance,promote the coordinated development of regional economy growth and ecological environment protection.