Research On The Impact Of Transportation Infrastructure On Urban Haze

Since the reform and opening up,with the rapid development of China’s urbanization and industrialization,the rapid growth of China’s urban economy has been accompanied by serious environmental pollution,especially the air pollution represented by haze pollution,which has aroused widespread concern from the public,social organizations,the government and relevant scholars.Haze pollution not only seriously endangers the physical and mental health of human beings,but also has a negative impact on the sustainable development of urban economy.It can be seen that haze pollution has become one of the "roadblocks" for building a well-off society in an all-round way.How to solve the problem of haze pollution through scientific and reasonable policy layout is imminent.Transportation infrastructure has direct and indirect effects on Urban Haze pollution.From the perspective of direct impact,transportation infrastructure directly affects the level of Urban Haze pollution through transportation activities,which mainly includes two aspects: first,with the development of transportation infrastructure,the improvement of traffic conditions plays a positive role in slowing down traffic congestion and Reducing Urban Haze pollution;second,with the improvement of transportation infrastructure and the scale of transportation The increase of transportation scale will increase fuel consumption and exhaust emission level,which will have a negative impact on Urban Haze pollution.From the perspective of indirect impact,traffic infrastructure can also affect urban haze pollution through industry and factor space coordination.On the one hand,as one of the important factors to promote the endogenous growth of regional economy,transportation infrastructure is an important support and support for a country or a region to maintain stable economic growth.The construction and improvement of transportation infrastructure not only intuitively reduces the circulation cost of production factors in and between regions,but also largely determines the agglomeration and dispersion of industries in space,It has an important impact on the spatial distribution of industries;on the other hand,while promoting the development of regional industries,the differences in traffic location will also lead to the transfer,matching and re selection of factor resources between the central and peripheral cities,thus changing the spatial distribution pattern of economy as a whole and producing the effect of economic distribution.Among the above two factors,the industrial spatial distribution and economic distribution effects caused by traffic infrastructure are closely related to Urban Haze pollution and spatial spillover.In addition,with the change and evolution of transportation mode,industrial development and element space coordination,the current green transportation new industry represented by high-speed railway and urban rail transit is developing rapidly.Local governments can not ignore the green environmental protection benefits in the process of transportation mode change.How can transportation infrastructure construction reduce the impact of haze pollution through transportation mode replacement The mechanism needs to be verified.Based on the above analysis,this paper attempts to verify the impact of corresponding infrastructure construction on Urban Haze pollution from three aspects of road traffic and industrial spatial layout,high-speed railway and economic distribution effect,urban rail transit and traffic substitution effect based on different classification of traffic infrastructure,and explore its spatial spillover effect,transmission mechanism and urban and traffic network The heterogeneity provides policy recommendations for regional collaborative solutions to the problem of haze pollution.Firstly,this paper analyzes the impact of highway infrastructure construction and utilization on Urban Haze pollution.At present,haze pollution and economic development show great relevance.At the same time,as a link between the regional and interregional economic relations,transportation is not only an important condition and driving mechanism for the production and economic development of enterprises,but also the exhaust emissions and traffic congestion in the process of road transportation significantly aggravate the regional haze pollution phenomenon.In this part,the highway mileage per unit administrative area is used to reflect the construction of highway transportation infrastructure,and three kinds of spatial weight matrices are constructed from the economic,traffic and distance links among cities to strengthen the economic and transportation links between cities constructed by highway transportation construction,so as to fully reflect the construction and utilization of transportation infrastructure,Based on the spatial econometric model test and setting,the industrial agglomeration,which is the basic embodiment of industrial spatial layout,is put into a unified analysis framework to verify the impact of the interaction between road traffic and industrial agglomeration on Urban Haze pollution,and its effect on spatial spillover effect is emphasized.The results show that: on the whole,the construction of highway transportation infrastructure shows the effect of haze mitigation,that is,without considering the interaction between highway transportation and industrial agglomeration,highway transportation can significantly reduce the haze pollution level in this region;the interaction between highway transportation and industrial specialization agglomeration has a significant positive impact on the haze pollution level of the city,which is not only reflected in the local area,but also through the regional The transmission effect affects the level of haze pollution in the surrounding areas;the interaction between highway traffic and diversified agglomeration mainly affects the level of haze pollution in the local areas,while the regional transmission effect of haze pollution in the surrounding areas is different in different scale cities.Specifically,for large cities,the interaction between highway traffic and diversified agglomeration significantly suppresses haze For small and medium-sized cities,the regional transmission effect of pollution is more promoted;there is a certain effective boundary and the strongest range of the impact of the regional transmission effect of haze pollution.This part of the conclusion has important policy implications for promoting the green development of road traffic and the spatial layout of urban differentiated industries,as well as collaborative governance of regional haze pollution.Secondly,this paper analyzes the impact of high-speed railway construction on Urban Haze pollution.In the inter city transportation system,high-speed rail,as a low energy consumption and high clean transportation mode,has developed rapidly in recent years.At present,the rapid development of high-speed railway not only greatly reduces the space-time distance between regions and effectively replaces the traditional road transportation mode,but also affects the spatial redistribution of production factors such as labor,resources and technology among cities,promotes the spatial concentration level of service industry,and changes the spatial distribution pattern of regional economy.So compared with highway traffic,does the cleaner high-speed railway improve the air pollution level of the city? Based on the perspective of economic distribution effect and environmental pollution spatial reconstruction brought by the opening of high-speed rail,this part creatively combines social network analysis with continuous double difference and spatial econometric regression model,and empirically tests how the opening of high-speed rail and the role and status of cities in the high-speed rail network affect the level of haze pollution and its spatial spillover effect.It is found that the opening of high-speed rail can significantly reduce the level of Urban Haze pollution,and show the characteristics of increasing returns with the opening of lines,opening years and urban scale.Different estimation methods are used to test the robustness,and the dual difference of propensity score matching and instrumental variables are constructed to deal with the selection problem,The above conclusion is still true.After deleting key cities and adopting tendency score matching to deal with selective bias,this paper finds that there is no significant difference in haze pollution level between the experimental group and the treatment group before the opening of high-speed railway,which meets the parallel trend assumption.After the opening of high-speed railway,with the passage of time,the mitigation effect of high-speed railway on haze pollution continues to strengthen,showing long-term emission reduction effect.The mechanism test shows that the opening of high-speed railway The haze mitigation effect is mainly achieved by substituting the highway passenger traffic volume and promoting the adjustment of industrial structure;in the analysis of high-speed rail network relevance,cities with wide network connection and high network centrality have more significant haze mitigation effect,but also have significant haze spatial spillover effect.The impact of high-speed rail on Urban Haze regional transmission is based on the network status Different and show differences.This part of the conclusion has important policy implications for promoting the green development of high-speed rail economy and regional collaborative governance of haze pollution.Thirdly,this paper analyzes the impact of urban rail transit construction on haze pollution.In urban internal transportation system,urban planning supporting rail transit is considered as one of the important measures to solve traffic congestion and haze pollution.The accurate identification of the social externalities and heterogeneity of rail transit construction is of great significance for urban managers to adjust the network scale,optimize the site composition and network layout.This part attempts to integrate rail transit construction,traffic congestion and haze pollution into the unified urban analysis framework,using traffic congestion delay index and air quality index to characterize traffic congestion and haze pollution respectively,and using double difference and breakpoint regression model to conduct empirical study on the impact of urban rail transit on haze pollution and its mechanism.In particular,the heterogeneous effects of densifying rail transit network and improving network structure optimization on haze pollution are examined.The research shows that the construction of rail transit has significant emission reduction effect on urban air pollution.This conclusion remains significant stability on the basis of considering different pollutant heterogeneity,holiday effect,climate conditions and other control variables.After the urban rail transit planning location is classified as the densified rail transit network model and the improved road network structure optimization model,it is found that the overall improvement of the road network structure optimization can significantly improve the level of urban air pollution,and has universal applicability in different city scales,while the densified rail transit network has emission reduction and pollution control effect only in large cities,but not in small and medium-sized cities There is a significant correlation,showing the characteristics of increasing returns with the size of the city.The analysis of the impact mechanism shows that the traffic congestion mitigation effect of road traffic substitution is the main path for the construction of rail transit to affect air pollution,and the corresponding main conclusions remain stable under the conditions of considering the continuity of covariate conditional density function and the sensitivity of bandwidth.The preliminary cost-benefit analysis shows that the health benefit of improving air quality of rail transit construction is about 32.77 yuan / unit family,while the commuter time benefit of reducing traffic congestion is about 1.61 yuan / hour,showing obvious social,economic and environmental benefits as a whole.Finally,based on the current situation of China’s traffic development and haze pollution,from six aspects of strengthening the prevention and control of traffic pollution,optimizing the traffic structure,promoting green traffic,strengthening the regional haze governance over the years,improving the system and mechanism of cross regional collaborative governance of haze pollution,and implementing the integration of laws and regulations of cross regional haze pollution governance,the paper proposes to develop green traffic and reduce the pollution Policy suggestions on Urban Haze pollution.