The Formation Mechanism Of Physiotherapy Thermomineral Water (Hot Spring) In Guizhou And Its Effect On Human Health

Guizhou is located on the southwestern margin of the Upper Yangtze block.Affected by the evolution of the Western Tethys and the remote effects of the uplift and extrusion of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,Guizhou has developed a recent north-east and north-north east-trending strike-slip fault bundle,which has been well formed.The geothermal geological conditions of the province contain a large number of physiotherapy hot spring resources,especially in the northeast.Therapo-thermomineral water(hot spring)resources in this area have great potential for development and utilization,which have become an important new economic growth point in Guizhou.Therefore,it is particularly important to carry out research on hydrogeochemical evolution mechanism and medical geology of thermomineral water.For a long time,the research on physiotherapy thermomineral water(hot spring)in the area mainly focuses on the basic hydrochemistry of hot spring,and some hydrogeology and genesis studies on some well-known hot springs(such as Shiqian Hot Spring Group,Xifeng Hot Spring,Jianhe Hot Spring,etc.)have been conducted.There are relatively few in-depth studies on the formation mechanism of physiotherapy thermomineral water(hot spring)and medical geology theory by using multidimensional hydrogeochemical techniques.It can be seen that Guizhou,as a large province of physiotherapy thermomineral water(hot spring)resources,is still lack of systematic study on geology and geochemistry and its formation mechanism,let alone the study on the correlation with human health.Therefore,the research of this paper has important theoretical significance and great practical application value.This study took physiotherapy thermomineral water(hot spring)in northeastern Guizhou as the research object.42 groups of physiotherapy thermomineral water(hot spring)samples in the area were collected for analysis of water chemistry and environmental isotope.Representative geothermal wells and stratigraphic sections were selected to collect 77 groups of thermal reservoir rock samples for rock earth Chemical analysis.Combining the geological background,using H-O,¹³C,¹⁴C,⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr,³⁴S isotope,rare earth elements,correlation analysis,XRD+SEM,mineral saturation index method,reverse hydrogeochemical simulation,medical geology,etc.Research on the formation mechanism of physiotherapy thermomineral water(hot spring)in study areas and their relationship with health is carried out to improve the formation mechanism of the internal hot springs and their physiotherapy value.The research results and conclusions are as follows:(1)The physiotherapy hot springs in the study area are mainly controlled by the resurrected strike-slip fault bundles in the northeast and north-north directions.The physiotherapy hot springs are mainly stored in the first and second carbonate reservoir units and"Within the metamorphic rock storage unit".Among them,the first and second thermal reservoirs of carbonate rocks are dolomite,intercalated with limestone and dolomitic limestone from the Sinian Dengying Formation and the Cambrian Qingxudong Formation to the Ordovician Honghuayuan Formation.The main mineral composition is dolomite,followed by calcite,quartz,gypsum,celestite,and fluorite.Stone,strontium ore,salt rock and a small amount of clay minerals.The metamorphic rock thermal reservoir is composed of metamorphic sandstone,metamorphic tuff and slate of Qingshuijiang formation of Qingbaikou system.The mineral composition is mainly potassium-sodium-aluminosilicate minerals(feldspar,mica,montmorillonite,etc.)and quartz,followed by fluorite,kaolinite,and Yili.Stone,iron minerals,etc.(2)The temperature of physiotherapy thermomineral water(hot spring)in the area is36.00?70.00?,with an average of 46.56?.The hydrochemical types of physiotherapy thermomineral water(hot spring)in the first and second thermal reservoirs of carbonate rocks is mainly SO₄.HCO₃-Ca.Mg and HCO₃.SO₄-Ca.Mg,while that in metamorphosed rock reservoirs are mainly HCO₃-Na.Based on the elemental geochemical characteristics of physiotherapy thermomineral water(hot spring),physiotherapy thermomineral water(hot spring)in the study area is divided into carbonate rock type(hot spring)and metamorphic rock type(hot spring)by geological geochemical theory and hierarchical cluster analysis.Among them,carbonate rock type physiotherapy hot springs are strontium springs,fluorine springs,and metasilicate springs,Hydrogen sulfide springs,radon springs,sodium sulfate springs,sodium calcium sulfate springs,calcium sulfate springs,calcium magnesium sulfate springs combined physiotherapy hot springs,which are also rich in metaboric acid and lithium components;metamorphic rock type physiotherapy hot springs are fluorine springs,Metasilicate springs,hydrogen sulfide springs,and sodium bicarbonate springs are combined physiotherapy hot springs,which are also rich in radon,lithium and metaboric acid components.(3)The?D value of two types of physiotherapy thermomineral water(hot spring)is-69.83‰?-44.89‰and the?¹⁸O value is-10.49‰?-6.82‰indicating that the physiotherapy hot mineral water(hot spring)in the area originated from atmospheric precipitation recharge,and the recharge elevation is 564.87?1522.29m.The?¹⁸O right drift reveals a strong water-rock exchange reaction in hot water and surrounding rock minerals.¹⁴C,H-O isotope analysis revealed that the two types of physiotherapy thermomineral water(hot spring)were replenished in 1952,and the anematic age was 1536?28410a.The temperature of the replenishment area was 6.58?11.33°C,which was Cold atmospheric precipitation replenishment in late Pleistocene epoch.The balanced mineral method and SiO₂temperature standard are used to estimate two types of physiotherapy thermomineral water(hot spring),showing that the storage temperatures is 59.53 to 105.25°C,the thermal branch depth is 2246to 4278 m,and the cycle depth is 918?2428m.(4)Mineral saturation index method and correlation analysis reveal that the dissolution of dolomite,calcite,gypsum and fluorite in carbonate physiotherapy hot spring makes a large number of Ca²⁺and Mg²⁺,SO₄^2-,HCO₃^-ions migrate and distribute to water,forming calcium sulfate and calcium magnesium sulfate physiotherapy hot mineral water.The dissolution of lapis lazolite,fluorite,strontium and SiO₂-containing minerals makes carbonate-type physiotherapy thermomineral water(hot spring)rich in strontium,metasilicic acid and fluorine trace components.Under the control of cation exchange reaction of clay minerals or clay minerals in salt forming basins and hot reservoirs in Sichuan,carbonate-type physiotherapy thermomineral water(hot spring)has abnormally high Na⁺,Cl^-and TDS components,which is rich in HBO₂and Li⁺.In metamorphic rock type physiotherapy thermomineral water(hot spring),the dissolution of aluminosilicate minerals albite,quartz and fluorite forms thermomineral mineral water rich in Na⁺,HCO₃^-,H₂SiO₃and F^-chemical components.In the deep circulation process of two types of physiotherapy thermomineral water(hot spring),under the condition of strong reduction,sulfate in the water is decomposed into H₂S by microbial sulfur,thus forming physiotherapy thermomineral water rich in H₂S.(5)The analysis of rare earth elements shows that the LREE/HREE of physiotherapy thermomineral water(hot spring)in the thermal reservoirs of carbonate rocks is higher than that of metamorphic rock thermal storage spring water,which may be affected by different acid and base conditions,while the content of HCO₃^-in the physiotherapy thermomineral water(hot spring)is also one of the reasons for the difference of rare earth elements between carbonate rock type(hot spring)and metamorphic rock type(hot spring).The Ce negative anomaly and Eu research show that the redox property is not the cause of the anomaly,but may be caused by the inheritance of the original rock or sediment.(6)¹³C,⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr,³⁴S isotopic water temperature geochemical tracing revealed that the hot water with biogenic and organic carbon dioxide acted on carbonate and silicate rocks,which controlled the water rock reaction process of the two types of physiotherapy thermomineral water(hot spring)respectively.The fractionation characteristics of ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr and ³⁴S,and their correlations with Ca₂⁺,SO₄^2-,SI Gypsum indicate that a large amount of gypsum and celestite are dissolved in the water rock reaction process of carbonate-type physiotherapy thermomineral water(hot spring).With the increase of the degree of water and rock,the values of?¹³C and?³⁴S are more and more enriched,and⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr are lower and lower,while ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr are higher and higher in metamorphic rock physiotherapy spring,indicating that the carbonate-type physiotherapy thermomineral water(hot spring)is derived from the weathering dissolution of carbonate rock,and the metamorphic-rock type is derived from the weathering dissolution of silicate rock.(7)PHREEQC reverse simulation reaveals and verifies that the main hydrogeochemical reactions of carbonate rock type physiotherapy thermomineral water(hot spring)in the area are affected by carbonate dolomite,quartz,gypsum,celestite,fluorite,sodium salt dissolution and some weak cation exchange reactions,while the water rock reactions of metamorphic type are controlled by dissolution of feldspar,quartz,kaolinite,illite and fluorite in aluminosilicate rocks Reaction control.(8)Two types of physiotherapy thermomineral water(hot spring)is permeated by cold climate meteoric water along the bedrock outcrop or structural fracture zone,and continuously heated and heated along the geothermal gradient under the drive of gravity to carry out convective circulation.In the process of convective circulation of thermomineral water,it reacts strongly with rocks and minerals of carbonate reservoir and metamorphic reservoir respectively,forming carbonate-type and metamorphic physiotherapy thermomineral water(hot spring)and metamorphic physiotherapy thermomineral water(hot spring).(9)The results of the correlation between two types of physiotherapy thermomineral water(hot spring)and population health show that bathing in the two types of physiotherapy thermomineral water(hot spring)is associated with bone and joint diseases;the hot spring behavior in the past year is associated with skin symptoms and bone and joint symptoms;the hot spring behavior in the past two weeks is related to Sleep,appetite,and energetic conditions are related.At the same time,there are differences in the associations between different types of physiotherapy thermomineral water(hot spring)baths and some chronic diseases.Among them,carbonate-type physiotherapy thermomineral water(hot spring)baths are statistically associated with high blood pressure;metamorphic-type physiotherapy thermomineral water(hot spring)are statistically associated with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and diabetes.There are differences between the two types of physiotherapy thermomineral water(hot spring)bathing and some chronic diseases,which are closely related to the differences in the elements and chemical components contained in the two,which indicate that the structural conditions of the physiotherapy thermomineral water(hot spring)and the mineral composition of the water-containing surrounding rock have an indirect impact on the health of the population.From the perspective of the regional geological background,this study comprehensively utilizes a variety of hydrogeochemical techniques,and clarifies that the geological background and hydrogeochemical reactions are the main reasons for controlling the hydrogeochemical evolution of the two types of physiotherapy thermomineral water(hot spring)in the area.Based on the closely relationship between the clarification of physiotherapy thermomineral water(hot spring)by chemical elements and population health.,the results of this study have important guiding significance for the development and protection of the value of hot springs in the future.