A Study Of An Optimization Model For Urban Residence Selection

Today 54%of the world's population live in cities.This is expected to rise to 70%by 2050,when the world's city population will surpass 6 billion,which pose challenges to the living and transport of city populations.Facing the challenge,it is necessary to plan the distribution of residential location reasonably,coordinate the relationship between residential location utilization and traffic development,so as to improve the quality of the living of city populations and realize city sustainable development.This paper studies the model of residential location choice in the city of China and analyzes the influence of city traffic on the choice of residential location,which provides theoretical basis for the city layout,city functional zoning,residential area planning,traffic forecasting and so on.The main works and innovations of this paper are as follows:1.For the small and medium-sized city which doesn't have bus lane and subway,a fuzzy three-objective optimization model is presented to study the the residential location choice.The standard of residential location choice are the one-way commute time per capita,the family monthly money-cost and housing condition.This model has two constraints.One is the deterministic constraint,which is that the per capita one-way commute,time is less than the commute time ceiling,the other is the fuzzy constraint,which is that the monthly money-cost is less than budgetary expenditures as so as possible.Compared with the existing models,the proposed model analyzes the most factors which will influence the choice of residential location,calculates the one-way commute time highly detailed and accurately and uses monthly disposable income(MDI)as family income.Next,the discrete uncertain distribution function(DUDF)and the membership function are constructed to describe the fuzzy data.In order to improve the accuracy of calculation results,DUDF is calculated by dividing the family samples into three categories:low-income,middle-income and high-income families.Then an algorithm is designed to solve the model.Finally,the numerical experiments are provided to show the proposed model and algorithm is effective and feasible,and analyze the characteristics of the residential location choice of the different income families and the influence of improving the ground road conditions on the residential location choice of the different income families in the small and medium-sized city.2.For the large cities which have set bus lane and subway,the other fuzzy three-objective optimization model is proposed to help family to choose the residential location.Different from the model of small and medium-sized city,this model improves the per capita one-way commute time,the family monthly money-cost and housing condition,and adds a deterministic constraint which is that the installment payment is not more than a specified percentage of MDI.Compared with the model of small and medium-sized city and the other existing models,the proposed model distinguish the house buying family and the house renting family in order to improve the accuracy of calculation and expand the scope of application of the model.Next,fuzzy data is described by constructing an empirical uncertain distribution function(EUF)and membership function.The results are more accuracy which are calculated by EUF than DUDF.Then a simple algorithm is designed to solve the fuzzy three-objective optimization model.Finally,two examples are given.One example is provided to show that the proposed model and algorithm are more reasonability and validity than the exiting models.The other example is designed to study the characteristics of the residential location choice of the different income families and the impact of improving the roads conditions,opening new subway and setting bus lanes for residential location choice of the different income families in the large city.3.The integer linear programming based on traffic time is established to help family to choose their residential location in city.Different from the fuzzy multi-objective models which only considers the working day transportation but ignores the holiday travel,this model takes the traffic time which includes both the traffic time of working days and holidays as the objective function,so as to improve the calculation accuracy of traffic time.The proposed model is solved by enumeration method.Finally,the characteristics of the residential location choices of the different income family are illustrated by a example.