NGO Ties to INGOs and Human Rights Framing in the Global Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity Social Movement

Recently scholars have begun to investigate the factors that explain NGO ties to INGOs in global social movements, and NGO use of human rights framing. With originally collected data on the political and organizational contexts of 93 NGOs in the global sexual orientation and gender identity (SOGI) social movement, I use logistic regression to examine the effects that NGO political contexts related to state repression and organizational contexts related to NGO resources, goals, strategies, and human rights culture have on the existence of NGO ties to INGOs in the global SOGI movement. I also examine the effects that political contexts related to state repression and organizational contexts related to strategies, ties to INGOs, and human rights culture have on SOGI NGO use of human rights framing. I find that NGO ties to INGOs are not related to state repression of political rights, but that NGOs in states that are more repressive on SOGI legal issues are less likely to have ties to INGOs than NGOs in states with positive protections for SOGI. For NGO use of human rights framing, the results indicate that state repression does not affect SOGI NGO use of human rights framing, whether measured as repression of political rights or repression of SOGI rights. NGO strategies related to education are strongly associated with NGO use of human rights framing. NGO human rights culture also has a significant, positive relationship with SOGI NGO use of human rights framing.