Reliability improvement of DFIG-based wind energy conversion systems by real time control

Reliability is the probability that a system or component will satisfactorily perform its intended function under given operating conditions. The average time of satisfactory operation of a system is called the mean time between failures (MTBF) and. the higher value of MTBF indicates higher reliability and vice versa. Nowadays, reliability is of greater concern than in the past especially for offshore wind turbines since the access to these installations in case of failures is both costly and difficult. Power semiconductor devices are often ranked as the most vulnerable components from reliability perspective in a power conversion system. The lifetime prediction of power modules based on mission profile is an important issue. Furthermore, lifetime modeling of future large wind turbines is needed in order to make reliability predictions in the early design phase. By conducting reliability prediction in the design phase a manufacture can ensure that the new wind turbines will operate within designed reliability metrics such as lifetime.;This work presents reliability analysis of power electronic converters for wind energy conversion systems (WECS) based on semiconductor power losses. A real time control scheme is proposed to maximize the system's lifetime and the accumulated energy produced over the lifetime. It has been verified through the reliability model that a low-pass-filter-based control can effectively increase the MTBF and lifetime of the power modules. The fundamental cause to achieve higher MTBF lies in the reduction of the number of thermal cycles.;The key element in a power conversion system is the power semiconductor device, which operates as a power switch. The improvement in power semiconductor devices is the critical driving force behind the improved performance, efficiency, reduced size and weight of power conversion systems. As the power density and switching frequency increase, thermal analysis of power electronic system becomes imperative. The analysis provides information on semiconductor device rating, reliability, and lifetime calculation.;The power throughput of the state-of-the-art WECS that is equipped with maximum power point control algorithms is subjected to wind speed fluctuations, which may cause significant thermal cycling of the IGBT in power converter and in turn lead to reduction in lifetime. To address this reliability issue, a real-time control scheme based on the reliability model of the system is proposed. In this work a doubly fed induction generator is utilized as a demonstration system to prove the effectiveness of the proposed method. Average model of three-phase converter has been adopted for thermal modeling and lifetime estimation. A low-pass-filter based control law is utilized to modify the power command from conventional WECS control output. The resultant reliability performance of the system has been significantly improved as evidenced by the simulation results.