| Tropical Pacific shrimp were grown in ponds at the Harbor Branch Foundation. During the first year the growth, nutritional value and toxic substance accumulation were monitored in the shrimp Penaeus stylirostris Stimpson grown under different conditions utilizing sewage effluent or commercial feed as a nutrient source. Conditions for culturing the organisms included: Pond I, brackish seawater diluted with secondary treated wastewater (10%), no commercial food, an initial density of 13 shrimp/m('2) pond area; Pond II, 10% wastewater, no commercial feed, 30 shrimp/m('2); Pond III, brackish seawater, 25% protein commercial feed, 30 shrimp/m('2); Pond IV, brackish seawater, 25% protein commercial feed, 13 shrimp/m('2). However, high initial mortalities in ponds I and IV reduced their densities considerably during the first month.;Larger shrimp had significantly greater percent compositions of protein, total lipids, and a greater caloric content than did the smaller shrimp, and less glycogen and fatty acid 20:5. P. stylirostris reared using wastewater had less fatty acid 18:2 and more 16:1 and 22:6 than did those reared with prepared food. No significant differences were found in the levels of total carbohydrates or cholesterol.;Significant differences in organic contaminants (hydrocarbons and phenols) were not found in the pond water or in the shrimp. Mercury, and perhaps cadmium, levels were greater in the sewage reared shrimp, while lead and selenium were more concentrated in smaller than in larger organisms. Mercury accumulated as shrimp grew.;Penaeus vannamei Boone were grown under three conditions during the second year: Pond I, brackish seawater, 25% protein commercial feed, 24 shrimp/m('2); Pond II, 10% wastewater spiked with PCP during the first half of the experiment then only brackish seawater and commercial feed for the remainder of the grow-out phase, 24 shrimp/m('2); Pond III, 10% wastewater spiked with PCP, 24 shrimp/m('2).;The shrimp stocked in ponds I and IV grew longer than those stocked at 30/m('2). There was no difference in final size between groups I and IV, but those from pond III were larger than those from pond II. Total tissue production was twice as great in those ponds receiving prepared food. The ponds were indistinguishable with regard to planktonic communities, and were moderately efficient at removing NH(,4) and PO(,4).;The shrimp from pond II were the largest followed by those from I and then III; the total yields from ponds I and II were similar and several times greater than that of pond III.;The PCP content in both the edible (ED) and non-edible (NED) tissue fractions decreased with the amount of PCP in the water. Mercury in the ED fraction decreased as the shrimp grew. The mercury content in the NED tissue fraction varied as a function of mercury in the pond detritus. |
