Organic by-product formation from the ozonation and chlorination of aquatic natural organic matter

An improved procedure was developed and applied to fractionate natural organic matter (NOM) prior to characterization and subsequent ozonation under conditions representing typical drinking water treatment practice. Two surface waters, each a source of potable water, were investigated. One was a eutrophic lakewater with characteristics late summer non-volatile dissolved organic carbon (NVDOC) concentrations of 10 to 15 mg C/L. The other was a river water with a much lower NVDOC (2 to 5 mg C/L during most seasons).;The characteristics of the hydrophilic bases isolated on AG MP-50 resin were different from those of the XAD-isolates, most notably in their greater aliphatic content and in their substantially higher nitrogen content.;Bench scale ozonation experiments were conducted under various conditions of pH, alkalinity and ozone dosage to assess by-product formation for a range of possible process conditions. Classes of disinfection by-products (DBPs) which were measured included aldehydes, oxoacids and low molecular weight carboxylic acids.;Of the ozonation parameters studied, pH was shown to exert the largest effect on both ozonation and post-chlor(am)ination DBP formation. Greater amounts of ozonation DBP precursors were generally isolated using the XAD-4 resin when compared to the XAD-8. Lakewater NOM generally produced more DBPs per mass than did river water NOM. In contrast, higher amounts of precursor material for the halogenated DBPs, especially following ozonation, were isolated on the XAD-8 resin and from river water. These results illustrate the dependence of DBP formation on source water characteristics as well as the precursor isolation method employed. (Abstract shortened by UMI.).;NOM was fractionated using Amberlite...