| The optical properties of an ion-exchanged KTP waveguide depend on several important parameters. These include the refractive index difference of the substrate (KTiOPO4) and the waveguide (RbxK1−x TiOPO4), and the geometry of the waveguide, such as depth and width. In an ion-exchange waveguide, the depth is very different along different axes of the crystal. The Rb depth profiles in KTP have been studied in rubidium nitrate (RbNO3) melts with small concentrations of Ba(NO3) in the melt by using Rutherford Backscattering Spectrum (RBS). The data indicates that small Da concentrations have a major effect on the incorporation of Rb and its distribution in the KTP. The results also show the effect of the Ba impurity in Rb ion-exchange is a function of the duration of exchange and varies substantially as the impurity concentration increase.; An intense, laser light in conjunction with a strong localized field is used to reverse the polarity of the ferroelectric domain at the location of a laser beam. The focused beam from an argon laser raises the temperature of a moving z-cut LiXbO3 plate close to the Curie point when a bipolar square wave electric field is applied. This technique has been used to construct a nonlinear periodic optical waveguide structure. This waveguide can be used for quasi-phase-matched second-harmonic generation. |
