| This dissertation investigates the Greenhouse Gases (GHGs) from ships calling at U.S ports, calculates the marginal abatement cost to reduce vessel-based GHGs, and evaluates the cost-effectiveness of proposed polices targeting at GHGs reduction. The ship profit maximization model is constructed to analyze the reduction cost of CO2 from speed reduction and compare the cost with other estimates. Two econometric models based on gravity model in International Trade are applied to calibrate the CDM distribution, the potential use of the CDM by the shipping industry, and the effects of ship size, power, and speed on transportation cost. The Trade, Ship empirical movement, Ship parameters, and origin-destination Pairs model (TSSP) is developed to estimate the GHGs, GHG reduction costs, and the cost effects on value of trade carried by the international shipping industry.;Results show that the abatement cost of speed reduction policy is higher than the carbon price in a cross-sectoral carbon market. Twenty-percent (20%) CO2 reduction under... |
