Racial and ethnic differences in asthma education and knowledge

Asthma is a complex respiratory disease that is increasing in prevalence in the United States. Lack of appropriate asthma education and knowledge practices among racial and ethnic groups may affect the burden of asthma among minority populations. The conceptual framework for this study was the health belief model. The model provides a motivational, health related framework that can be used to assist practitioners in providing quality asthma education and knowledge to individuals with asthma and motivate them to follow recommended health behaviors to manage and control the chronic condition. This study used the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) Asthma Call-Back Survey to examine racial and ethnic differences in asthma prevalence and health care provider sponsored asthma education among individuals who report having asthma. The study used a correlational design in which data from all states participating in the BRFSS Asthma Call-Back Survey were analyzed and compared to determine racial and ethnic differences in asthma education and knowledge. Based on the findings of two-tailed z tests, adults and children in the Hispanic and non-Hispanic White racial and ethnic subgroups were less likely to report receiving asthma education and knowledge practices. These results make an important contribution to the existing literature and can enhance positive social change by empowering individuals to apply asthma education and knowledge practices, thereby preventing negative health consequences related to asthma and increasing asthma knowledge which can foster better health among individuals with asthma. This study contributes to the literature by describing racial inequalities in relationship to receiving proper asthma training and education and can assist health care practitioners and organizations with an interest in asthma in the delivery of services to treat individuals with asthma.